The significance of cytomegalovirus in children with pneumonia admitted for mechanical ventilation

The International Journal of Tuberculosis and Lung Disease : the Official Journal of the International Union Against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease
Prakash JeenaM Adhikari

Abstract

The pathogenic role of cytomegalovirus (CMV) among children with pneumonia is not clear. We describe the outcome of children on mechanical ventilation with 'probable' CMV-related pneumonitis (CMV DNA polymerase chain reaction [PCR] positive as well as clinical and imaging features of CMV on ganciclovir) and children with pneumonia and CMV infection (CMV DNA PCR-positive without clinical and imaging features of CMV and not on ganciclovir therapy) at a paediatric intensive care unit in South Africa between 2011 and 2013. CMV viral loads were measured in non-bronchoscopic bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (NBBALF), plasma and whole-blood samples. Of the 97 children enrolled, 38 had CMV-related pneumonitis, 27 had pneumonia and CMV infection and 32 had pneumonia without CMV infection (negative CMV DNA PCR). Survival in the three groups was respectively 73.7% (P < 0.05), 92.6% (P < 0.05) and 88.0%. The difference in outcome could be accounted for by variance in the prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection (respectively 60.5% and 29.6%, P < 0.05). A higher CMV viral load in NBBALF and plasma was seen in cases of CMV-related pneumonitis than in pneumonia with CMV infection: respectively log 5.20 vs. log 4.10 (P < 0.05) an...Continue Reading

Citations

Jan 22, 2019·Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy·James J C Nuttall
Nov 24, 2021·Future Microbiology·Kerusha GovenderRaveen Parboosing

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