The snakebite problem and antivenom crisis from a health-economic perspective

Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology
Abdulrazaq G Habib, Nicholas I Brown

Abstract

The scourge of snakebite has been well documented but largely ignored by the global health community for several decades, especially the role that economics has played in causing and exacerbating this crisis. Every year millions of people in low and middle-income countries face death, disability and disadvantage from snakebite envenoming (SBE) without access to appropriate treatment. Health-economic factors pervade every aspect of this neglected problem. A multitude of financial and commercial factors helped to cause, and now perpetuate, shortages of high quality, affordable and region-appropriate antivenom in areas where they are most needed. Alongside the death, physical disability and psychological anguish from SBE is a debilitating financial toll, which includes both direct costs of treatment and indirect costs from lost income. SBE is a problem that disproportionately affects poor, rural and agrarian communities, with most victims being young and industrious subsistence workers. The burden of envenoming is often felt by families and communities that can least afford it, and negatively impacts local and national productivity. The lack of long-term investment in health systems to properly manage SBE has led to insufficient f...Continue Reading

Citations

Nov 27, 2018·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Samara Freire Valente MagalhãesMaria Regina Fernandes de Oliveira
Jun 22, 2019·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Mohd Zaki Fadzil SenekYoung Sun Ro
Feb 23, 2019·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·David J WilliamsDavid A Warrell
Aug 21, 2020·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Abdulrazaq G HabibJean-Philippe Chippaux
Sep 27, 2019·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Sara Babo MartinsRafael Ruiz de Castañeda
Jul 26, 2019·Current Topics in Medicinal Chemistry·Roberta Jeane Bezerra JorgeRafael Matos Ximenes
Oct 2, 2020·Archives of Disease in Childhood·Sophie PachJay Halbert
Jul 30, 2019·Frontiers in Immunology·Manuela B PuccaAndreas H Laustsen
Jan 20, 2019·Toxins·Timothy Patrick JenkinsAndreas Hougaard Laustsen
May 24, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Steven Ascoët, Michel De Waard
Feb 9, 2020·International Journal of Biological Macromolecules·Jessica B SouzaRafael Nascimento
Nov 5, 2020·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Richard NduwayezuJanna M Schurer
Dec 14, 2019·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Grady A FortnerGregory J Zarow
Mar 31, 2021·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Yucheol ShinAmaël Borzée
May 18, 2021·Frontiers in Immunology·Cecilie KnudsenAndreas H Laustsen
Aug 7, 2021·Toxicon: X·Anuradhani KasturiratneH Janaka de Silva
Aug 17, 2021·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Gaby Isabelle OomsTim Reed
Aug 27, 2021·Therapeutic Advances in Infectious Disease·Auwal A BalaBasheer Az Chedi
Sep 3, 2021·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Siddharth BhatiaKarthikeyan Vasudevan
Sep 7, 2020·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Nicklaus BrandehoffJean-Philippe Chippaux

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