The SNAP hypothesis: Chromosomal rearrangements could emerge from positive Selection during Niche Adaptation

PLoS Genetics
Gerrit Brandis, Diarmaid Hughes

Abstract

The relative linear order of most genes on bacterial chromosomes is not conserved over evolutionary timescales. One explanation is that selection is weak, allowing recombination to randomize gene order by genetic drift. However, most chromosomal rearrangements are deleterious to fitness. In contrast, we propose the hypothesis that rearrangements in gene order are more likely the result of selection during niche adaptation (SNAP). Partial chromosomal duplications occur very frequently by recombination between direct repeat sequences. Duplicated regions may contain tens to hundreds of genes and segregate quickly unless maintained by selection. Bacteria exposed to non-lethal selections (for example, a requirement to grow on a poor nutrient) can adapt by maintaining a duplication that includes a gene that improves relative fitness. Further improvements in fitness result from the loss or inactivation of non-selected genes within each copy of the duplication. When genes that are essential in single copy are lost from different copies of the duplication, segregation is prevented even if the original selection is lifted. Functional gene loss continues until a new genetic equilibrium is reached. The outcome is a rearranged gene order. M...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 30, 2021·Frontiers in Microbiology·Zaira SeferbekovaOlga O Bochkareva
Oct 4, 2021·Bioinformatics·Alexey ZabelkinNikita Alexeev
Nov 10, 2021·Microbial Genomics·Stephen F FitzgeraldDavid L Gally

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