PMID: 6160551Sep 1, 1980Paper

The sock electrode array: a tool for determining global epicardial activation during unstable arrhythmias

Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE
L HarrisonJ J Gallagher

Abstract

The conventional technique for mapping the sequence of epicardial activation uses a hand-held electrode moved over the heart to record from a number of epicardial sites one at a time, and requires 5-15 minutes to record from 50 or more sites distributed over the entire ventricular epicardium. This method is inadequate for arrhythmias that are transient or vary from beat to beat. To overcome these limitations the "sock electrode array," a contour-fitting sock containing 26 or 52 electrodes, has been developed. The nylon mesh sock is pulled over the heart and permits simultaneous recording of potentials from electrodes distributed over the entire ventricular epicardium. The electrograms are recorded and converted to digital form for computer generation of isochronous maps. Most of the epicardial activation sequence derived from the sock electrode were compared to those obtained by the hand-held electrode in six normal dogs during sinus rhythm and ventricular pacing. The sequence of local activation times acquired by both methods showed similar areas of early and late activation and comparable isochronous maps. The hand-held electrode technique required 10-15 minutes for data acquisition and another 15-30 minutes for analysis. The...Continue Reading

References

May 1, 1978·Circulation·J J GallagherA G Wallace
May 22, 1978·The American Journal of Cardiology·J J Gallagher
Jul 1, 1976·Annals of Internal Medicine·R A WinkleD C Harrison
Feb 1, 1975·British Heart Journal·R A SpurrellD C Deuchar
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Feb 1, 1980·Computers and Biomedical Research, an International Journal·W M SmithL Harrison
Nov 1, 1953·Circulation Research·A M SCHERR R PATON

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Citations

Jun 1, 1983·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·W M SmithA G Wallace
Oct 1, 1984·Journal of the American College of Cardiology·E DownarM B Waxman
Nov 15, 2012·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Dae-Hyeong KimJohn A Rogers
Jan 1, 1985·IEEE Transactions on Bio-medical Engineering·C LaxerT C Pilkington
Jul 1, 1983·Progress in Cardiovascular Diseases·W M Smith, R E Ideker
Feb 1, 1984·The American Journal of Cardiology·G H BardyR E Ideker
Jan 1, 1987·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·S J WorleyJ E Lowe
Jan 1, 1982·The American Journal of Cardiology·J J GallagherW M Smith
Apr 1, 1985·The American Journal of Cardiology·J I FannL L Michaelis
Aug 12, 2014·Progress in Biophysics and Molecular Biology·Sarah R GutbrodIgor R Efimov
Mar 29, 2016·The Journal of Physiology·C R GloschatI R Efimov
Mar 11, 1990·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·T PaulA Garson
Jan 1, 1983·Circulation·G H BardyR E Ideker
Apr 1, 1991·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·S MasséE Downar
Jul 1, 1984·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·I Parson, E Downar
Sep 1, 1984·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·F E Marchlinski, M E Josephson
Jan 1, 1984·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·G FontaineY Grosgogeat
Sep 1, 1983·Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE·R E IdekerJ J Gallagher

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