The Spinal Ependymal Layer in Health and Disease

Veterinary Pathology
S A Moore

Abstract

Ependymal cells are epithelial support cells that line the central canal and ventricular cavities of the central nervous system, providing the interface between the cerebrospinal fluid and the parenchyma of the brain and spinal cord. The spinal ependymal layer (SEL) is composed of 3 main cell types: tanycytes, ependymocytes, and cerebrospinal fluid-contacting neurons. A fourth cell type, termed the supraependymal cell, is also occasionally described. Cells of the SEL show restricted proliferative capacity in health but display neural stem cell properties both in vitro and in vivo in various disease states. A growing body of literature is devoted to the regenerative roles of the SEL, particularly in the context of spinal cord injury, where mechanical damage to the spinal cord leads to a significant increase in SEL proliferation. SEL-derived cell progeny migrate to sites of injury within the injured spinal cord parenchyma and contribute primarily to glial scar formation. In additional to their role as endogenous neural stem cells, cells of the SEL may be an important source of cytokines and other cell signaling molecules, such as tumor necrosis factor, heat shock proteins, and various growth factors. The SEL has become of recent ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 27, 2017·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Jesús DevesaPablo Devesa
Aug 1, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Antony CougnouxForbes D Porter
Aug 2, 2020·Fluids and Barriers of the CNS·Longbing MaFengzeng Jian
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Jun 14, 2019·Stem Cells International·Sumei Liu, Zhiguo Chen
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Jul 1, 2020·Neurobiology of Disease·Daniel K Wilton, Beth Stevens
Nov 5, 2019·Molecular and Cellular Neurosciences·Kevin McAvoy, Hibiki Kawamata

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