The state of personalized treatment for anxiety disorders: A systematic review of treatment moderators

Clinical Psychology Review
Rebecca L SchneiderKate B Wolitzky-Taylor

Abstract

The aim of this review was to synthesize findings for moderators of treatment outcome across adult anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and posttraumatic stress disorder. Twenty-four papers that compared two or more active treatments (at least one of which was a form of cognitive behavioral therapy [CBT]) were identified and organized into five treatment comparison categories (distinct psychotherapy combinations, CBT full package vs. single components, CBT vs. augmented CBT, CBT delivery methods, and CBT vs. pharmacotherapy). Sixty-three distinct baseline moderators were tested across seven categories (symptom severity, comorbid emotional disorders or emotional reactivity, cognitive maintenance factors, behavioral maintenance factors, personality traits and disorders, sociodemographic factors, and biological factors). Few consistent treatment moderators were identified. All studies testing quadratic effects found at least one significant non-linear moderator or predictor effect. In addition, the majority of studies had methodological problems and limitations, demonstrating the need for future methodological improvements. Limited conclusions can be drawn about how to match anxiety disorder patients to treatment. A s...Continue Reading

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