The stimulation of insulin secretion in non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients by amino acids and gliclazide in the basal and hyperglycemic state

Metabolism: Clinical and Experimental
D R Matthews, O Boland

Abstract

Sulfonylureas stimulate insulin secretion as their predominant contribution toward decreasing blood glucose in diabetic patients. We studied eight gliclazide-treated, non-insulin-dependent diabetic patients on two occasions with a protocol of basal observation for 30 minutes, a 60-minute infusion of randomized leucine or arginine, and a further 90-minute hyperglycemic clamp. Basal glucose was the same on both occasions (mean, 7.82 mmol/L for leucine v 7.79 for arginine, P = NS), and glucose levels declined to 7.50 and 7.25 mmol/L, respectively, by 30 minutes. After leucine infusion, the decline of glucose continued, but stabilized or reversed with arginine such that by the end of the infusions, glucose levels were 6.63 +/- 0.69 mmol/L for leucine and 7.62 +/- 0.67 for arginine (P < .02). Arginine caused a sharp increase in insulin secretion (from 17.8 mU/L to 43.8 mU/L in 6 minutes) at the onset of the infusion, and thereafter insulin secretion was not significantly different throughout either the amino acid or hyperglycemic clamp periods (mean, 42.1 v 44.7 mU/L, respectively, P = NS). By contrast, the leucine infusion caused little acute change in secretion, but augmented it with time from the basal period (17.2 mU/L) to the e...Continue Reading

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Citations

Feb 28, 2001·Diabetes, Obesity & Metabolism·T M Wallace, D R Matthews
Sep 24, 2005·Diabetic Medicine : a Journal of the British Diabetic Association·M HollingdalC B Juhl
Feb 9, 2018·Nature Communications·Katharina E J JungnickelSimon Newstead
May 26, 2012·Islets·Cheol Soo ChoiMyung-Shik Lee
Mar 22, 2012·Journal of Dietary Supplements·Bart F GeertsJacobus Burggraaf
Oct 3, 2020·The Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews·Shoichiro AmariRintaro Mori
Aug 19, 2011·The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition·Piotr SochaUNKNOWN European Childhood Obesity Trial Study Group
Nov 17, 2006·The Journal of Biological Chemistry·Jean ButeauDomenico Accili

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