PMID: 8983112Jan 1, 1996Paper

The subarachnoid space surrounding the optic nerves. An ultrasound study of the optic nerve sheath

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA
H C Hansen, K Helmke

Abstract

The presence of enlarged optic nerve sheaths (ONS) suggests that raised intracranial pressure is transmitted to the perineural subarachnoid space (SAS). This phenomenon has gained interest because ultrasound methods are able to quantify the optic nerve sheath diameter (ONSD) in-vivo non-invasively with a resolution below 0.5 mm. In order to study the normal variation and distensibility of the human ONS. Histologic techniques and sonographic measurements were applied to 54 human optic n. specimens before and after exposure to pressure. In untreated postmortem specimens, the largest diameters were found 3 mm behind the globe (baseline range: 2.1 to 4.8 mm). Following volume injection into the orbital perineural SAS, all n. sheaths were enlarged (maximum ONSD 6.5 mm). The sheath expansion affected predominantly its anterior section (mean 1.6 mm, e.g. 50.2%); the posterior regions showed markedly less dilatation (31.6%). No relation was found between the change of ONSD and the baseline diameter. Variance analysis of the sonographic results showed that the observed ONSD change depends on (a) the position of measurement along the nerve, as well as on (b) the origin of the nerve (different/same subject), whereas lateral (left/right) o...Continue Reading

References

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