The suitability of gallium as a substitute for aluminum in tracing experiments

Biometals : an International Journal on the Role of Metal Ions in Biology, Biochemistry, and Medicine
Rachel C WaltonCatherine R McCrohan

Abstract

Aluminum is a toxic metal whose complex aquatic chemistry, mechanisms of toxicity and trophic transfer are not fully understood. The only isotope of Al suitable for tracing experiments in organisms-(26)Al-is a rare, costly radioisotope with a low emission energy, making its use difficult. Gallium shares a similar chemistry with Al and was therefore investigated as a potential substitute for Al for use in aquatic organisms. The freshwater snail, Lymnaea stagnalis was exposed to either Al or Ga (0.0135 mM) under identical conditions for up to 40 days. Behavioural toxicity, metal accumulation in the tissues, and sub-cellular partitioning of the metals were determined. Al was more toxic than Ga and accumulated to significantly higher levels in the soft tissues (P < 0.05). The proportion of Al in the digestive gland (DG; detoxificatory organ) relative to other tissues was significantly lower than that of Ga (P < 0.05) from day 14 onwards. There were also differences in the proportions of Al and Ga associated with heat stable proteins (HSPs) in the digestive gland, with significantly more HSP present in the DGs of snails exposed to Al, but significantly less Al than Ga associated with the HSP per unit mass protein present. From this ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 21, 2013·Biometals : an International Journal on the Role of Metal Ions in Biology, Biochemistry, and Medicine·Anne CrémazyClaude Fortin
Dec 12, 2012·Dalton Transactions : an International Journal of Inorganic Chemistry·Sílvia ChavesM Amélia Santos
May 11, 2010·Aquatic Toxicology·Rachel C WaltonKeith N White
Nov 7, 2018·Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry·Brian P Jackson

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