PMID: 7026734Jan 1, 1981Paper

The sympathetic superior cervical ganglia as peripheral neuroendocrine centers

Journal of Neural Transmission
D P CardinaliP V Gejman

Abstract

The superior cervical ganglia (SCG) provide sympathetic innervation to the pineal gland, cephalic blood vessels, the choroid plexus, the eye, carotid body and the salivary and thyroid glands. Removal of the ganglia brings about several neuroendocrine changes in mammals, including the disruption of water balance in pituitary stalk-sectioned rats, and the alteration of normal photoperiodic control of reproduction in hamsters, ferrets, voles, rams and goats. These effects are commonly attributed to pineal denervation. However pinealectomy does not always mimic ganglionectomy in its neuroendocrine sequelae. This paper discusses several examples illustrating the lack of homology of ganglia and pineal removal, including the prolactin release brought about by gonadal steroids in spayed rats, the changes in drinking behaviour caused by ganglionectomy and the control of goitrogenic response to methylmercaptoimidazole in rats. All these examples indicate that SCG removal, at least as far as for neuroendocrinologists and pineal experimenters are concerned, should not be considered simply as "pineal denervation". A functionally relevant link between SCG and the hypothalamus may occur in rats inasmuch as ganglionectomy depresses norepinephr...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jun 1, 1996·Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology·R Alonso-SolísA Hernández
Jul 11, 2006·Cell and Tissue Research·Caroline SteeleAndrzej Loesch
Aug 3, 2007·Journal of Molecular Histology·Andrzej Loesch, Tim Cowen
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May 14, 2003·Autonomic Neuroscience : Basic & Clinical·Joy C Anglin, Virginia L Brooks
Apr 29, 2006·Journal of Applied Physiology·Conwin K VanterpoolJohn N Buchholz
Sep 10, 2014·Reproduction, Fertility, and Development·Sandra S VallcanerasMarilina Casais
Mar 19, 2004·Anatomia, histologia, embryologia·S IslamA Loesch
May 20, 2015·Journal of Neurology·Tadashi UmeharaHisayoshi Oka
May 24, 2007·Cells, Tissues, Organs·Emerson Ticona FiorettoAntonio Augusto Coppi Maciel Ribeiro
Sep 1, 1999·Microscopy Research and Technique·J D Mikkelsen, M Møller
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Jun 1, 1984·Medical Hypotheses·A LewińskiR J Reiter

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