The Sync/deSync Model: How a Synchronized Hippocampus and a Desynchronized Neocortex Code Memories

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience
George ParishHoward Bowman

Abstract

Neural oscillations are important for memory formation in the brain. The desynchronization of alpha (10 Hz) oscillations in the neocortex has been shown to predict successful memory encoding and retrieval. However, when engaging in learning, it has been found that the hippocampus synchronizes in theta (4 Hz) oscillations, and that learning is dependent on the phase of theta. This inconsistency as to whether synchronization is "good" for memory formation leads to confusion over which oscillations we should expect to see and where during learning paradigm experiments. This paper seeks to respond to this inconsistency by presenting a neural network model of how a well functioning learning system could exhibit both of these phenomena, i.e., desynchronization of alpha and synchronization of theta during successful memory encoding.We present a spiking neural network (the Sync/deSync model) of the neocortical and hippocampal system. The simulated hippocampus learns through an adapted spike-time dependent plasticity rule, in which weight change is modulated by the phase of an extrinsically generated theta oscillation. Additionally, a global passive weight decay is incorporated, which is also modulated by theta phase. In this way, the S...Continue Reading

Citations

Oct 1, 2019·Hippocampus·Benjamin J Griffiths, Lluís Fuentemilla
Oct 11, 2019·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Benjamin J GriffithsSimon Hanslmayr
Oct 13, 2019·The European Journal of Neuroscience·Laëtitia Chauvière
May 21, 2020·Cognitive, Affective & Behavioral Neuroscience·Nicole A Forner-PhillipsRobert S Ross
Nov 24, 2020·Frontiers in Computational Neuroscience·Mustafa KhalidRong Xiong
Oct 26, 2020·Cortex; a Journal Devoted to the Study of the Nervous System and Behavior·Mircea van der PlasSimon Hanslmayr
Aug 24, 2021·Cognitive Neuroscience·Nicole A Forner-PhillipsRobert S Ross

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