The Synthesis and Role of β-Alanine in Plants

Frontiers in Plant Science
Anutthaman ParthasarathyAndré O Hudson

Abstract

Most studies on amino acids are focused on the proteinogenic amino acids given their essential roles in protein synthesis among other pathways. In addition to 20 ubiquitous amino acids used in protein synthesis, plants synthesize over 250 non-proteinogenic amino acids that are involved in the synthesis of compounds that are anti-herbivory, anti-microbial, response to abiotic stresses, nitrogen storage, toxins against both vertebrates/invertebrates, and plant hormones among others. One such non-proteinogenic acid is β-alanine, which is known mainly for studies on humans. β-Alanine forms a part of pantothenate (vitamin B5), which is incorporated into the universal carbon shuttling compounds Coenzyme A and acyl carrier protein, in all organisms including plants. The focus of this review, however, is on the biosynthesis, metabolism, and the role of β-alanine in plants. There are several functions of β-alanine unique to plants. It is accumulated as a generic stress response molecule involved in protecting plants from temperature extremes, hypoxia, drought, heavy metal shock, and some biotic stresses. There is evidence of its participation in lignin biosynthesis and ethylene production in some species. It is further converted to the ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 11, 2020·Dose-response : a Publication of International Hormesis Society·Polina Yu VolkovaM A Lychenkova
Jul 9, 2020·Frontiers in Plant Science·Qingqing YangQiaoquan Liu
Jan 26, 2021·Plant Science : an International Journal of Experimental Plant Biology·Xianqin WeiPeter G L Klinkhamer
Mar 7, 2021·Plants·David Jiménez-AriasAndrés A Borges
Apr 8, 2021·World Journal of Microbiology & Biotechnology·Leilei WangTao Chen
May 1, 2021·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Nikolay YanshinElena Tarakhovskaya

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