The TAM-TB Assay-A Promising TB Immune-Diagnostic Test With a Potential for Treatment Monitoring

Frontiers in Pediatrics
Mohamed I M AhmedUlrich von Both

Abstract

Tuberculosis (TB) epidemiology is changing in Western and Central Europe due to the rise in immigration and refugees fleeing high-TB-burden areas of war and devastation. The change in local demography and the lack of sensitive and specific TB diagnostic and monitoring tools, especially for cases of childhood TB, leads to either missed cases or over-treatment of this group. Here we present a promising new diagnostic approach, the T cell activation marker (TAM)-TB assay, and its performance in a case of extra-pulmonary TB occurring in a 16 year old refugee from Afghanistan. This assay is based on the characterization of 3 activation markers (CD38, HLA-DR, and Ki67) and one maturation marker (CD27) on M. tuberculosis-specific CD4 T cells. It was performed at time-points T0 (10 days), T1 (1 month), T2 (6 months), and T3 (12 months) post-treatment initiation. All markers were able to detect active tuberculosis (aTB) within this patient at T0 and reverted to a healthy/LTBI phenotype at the end of treatment. Tantalizingly, there was a clear trend toward the healthy/LTBI phenotype for the markers at T1 and T2, indicating a potential role in monitoring anti-TB treatment in the future. This assay may therefore contribute to improved TB d...Continue Reading

References

Jun 1, 2010·The Lancet Infectious Diseases·David J HorneKaren R Steingart
Jan 8, 2011·Indian Journal of Pediatrics·Ben J Marais
Apr 9, 2011·Nature Reviews. Immunology·Gerhard WalzlAlimuddin Zumla
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Jan 17, 2014·The Lancet. Respiratory Medicine·Sven O FriedrichUNKNOWN Pan African Consortium for the Evaluation of Anti-tuberculosis Antibiotics (PanACEA)
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Mar 28, 2016·Lancet·Daniel E ZakUNKNOWN ACS and GC6-74 cohort study groups

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Citations

Oct 30, 2020·Frontiers in Immunology·Christoph LangeAndrew R DiNardo
Mar 23, 2021·Immunological Reviews·Jeffrey MorganCecilia S Lindestam Arlehamn

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
X-ray
Assay
flow cytometry

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