The targets of acetone cyanohydrin neurotoxicity in the rat are not the ones expected in an animal model of konzo

Neurotoxicology and Teratology
Carla Soler-MartínJordi Llorens

Abstract

Konzo is a neurotoxic motor disease caused by excess consumption of insufficiently processed cassava. Cassava contains the cyanogenic glucoside linamarin, but konzo does not present the known pathological effects of cyanide. We hypothesized that the aglycone of linamarin, acetone cyanohydrin, may be the cause of konzo. This nitrile rapidly decomposes into cyanide and acetone, but the particular exposure and nutrition conditions involved in the emergence of konzo may favor its stabilization and subsequent acute neurotoxicity. A number of preliminary observations were used to design an experiment to test this hypothesis. In the experiment, young female Long-Evans rats were given 10mM acetone cyanohydrin in drinking water for 2 weeks, and then 20mM for 6 weeks. Nutrition deficits associated with konzo were modeled by providing tapioca (cassava starch) as food for the last 3 of these weeks. After this period, rats were fasted for 24h in order to increase endogenous acetone synthesis, and then exposed to 0 (control group) or 50 micromol/kg-h of acetone cyanohydrin for 24h (treated group) through subcutaneous osmotic minipump infusion (n=6/group). Motor activity and gait were evaluated before exposure (pre-test), and 1 and 6 days aft...Continue Reading

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Jul 9, 2011·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Hipólito Nzwalo, Julie Cliff
Jun 18, 2010·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Jordi LlorensPere Boadas-Vaello
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May 9, 2021·Neurotoxicology·Marius BagumaJoëlle Nsimire Chabwine

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