The timing and effect of the earliest human arrivals in North America.

Nature
Lorena Becerra-Valdivia, Thomas Higham

Abstract

The peopling of the Americas marks a major expansion of humans across the planet. However, questions regarding the timing and mechanisms of this dispersal remain, and the previously accepted model (termed 'Clovis-first')-suggesting that the first inhabitants of the Americas were linked with the Clovis tradition, a complex marked by distinctive fluted lithic points1-has been effectively refuted. Here we analyse chronometric data from 42 North American and Beringian archaeological sites using a Bayesian age modelling approach, and use the resulting chronological framework to elucidate spatiotemporal patterns of human dispersal. We then integrate these patterns with the available genetic and climatic evidence. The data obtained show that humans were probably present before, during and immediately after the Last Glacial Maximum (about 26.5-19 thousand years ago)2,3 but that more widespread occupation began during a period of abrupt warming, Greenland Interstadial 1 (about 14.7-12.9 thousand years before AD 2000)4. We also identify the near-synchronous commencement of Beringian, Clovis and Western Stemmed cultural traditions, and an overlap of each with the last dates for the appearance of 18 now-extinct faunal genera. Our analysis ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 1, 2020·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Adrian TimpsonKatie Manning
Nov 19, 2020·Genes·Xavier Roca-RadaBastien Llamas
Feb 20, 2021·Science·Alan CooperRoland Zech
Mar 25, 2021·Cell·Marco Rosario CapodiferroAlessandro Achilli
Apr 21, 2021·The FEBS Journal·Michael Dannemann, Irene Gallego Romero
Jul 14, 2021·Proceedings. Biological Sciences·Manuel Domínguez-RodrigoRichard A Fariña
Sep 24, 2021·Science·Matthew R BennettDaniel Odess

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Software Mentioned

SSimple
R
_ Model
KDE
OxCal
Plot
Model
Stemmed
IntCal13
Clovis

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