The Tol-Pal system is required for peptidoglycan-cleaving enzymes to complete bacterial cell division

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Anastasiya A Yakhnina, Thomas G Bernhardt

Abstract

Tol-Pal is a multiprotein system present in the envelope of Gram-negative bacteria. Inactivation of this widely conserved machinery compromises the outer membrane (OM) layer of these organisms, resulting in hypersensitivity to many antibiotics. Mutants in the tol-pal locus fail to complete division and form cell chains. This phenotype along with the localization of Tol-Pal components to the cytokinetic ring in Escherichia coli has led to the proposal that the primary function of the system is to promote OM constriction during division. Accordingly, a poorly constricted OM is believed to link the cell chains formed upon Tol-Pal inactivation. However, we show here that cell chains of E. coli tol-pal mutants are connected by an incompletely processed peptidoglycan (PG) layer. Genetic suppressors of this defect were isolated and found to overproduce OM lipoproteins capable of cleaving the glycan strands of PG. Among the factors promoting cell separation in mutant cells was a protein of previously unknown function (YddW), which we have identified as a divisome-localized glycosyl hydrolase that cleaves peptide-free PG glycans. Overall, our results indicate that the cell chaining defect of Tol-Pal mutants cannot simply be interpreted ...Continue Reading

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Citations

May 31, 2020·FEMS Microbiology Reviews·Joanna SzczepaniakColin Kleanthous
Sep 10, 2020·Journal of Bacteriology·Atsushi YahashiriDavid S Weiss
Mar 6, 2021·Current Opinion in Microbiology·Jessica El RayesJean-François Collet
Sep 22, 2020·Chemical Reviews·Emily LundstedtNatividad Ruiz
Mar 6, 2021·Molecular Microbiology·Elizabeth A MuellerPetra Anne Levin
Jan 21, 2021·EcoSal Plus·Shambhavi GardeManjula Reddy
Jul 19, 2021·Trends in Microbiology·Sohyoung LeeJeongmin Song
Oct 9, 2021·Annual Review of Microbiology·Laura AlvarezFelipe Cava

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