Abstract
Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR), a cyclic heptapeptide produced by several bloom-forming cyanobacteria, has strong reproductive toxicity. We examined whether MC-LR could enter spermatogonia and investigated the toxic effects of MC-LR on spermatogonia in vitro. Multispecific organic anion-transporting polypeptides (Oatps), which transported MCs, were screened as well. Spermatogonia were exposed to 0, 0.5, 5, 50, and 500 nmol/L (nM) MC-LR for 6 h. Cell viability and total antioxidant capacity significantly decreased, meanwhile, the ratio of apoptotic cells, reactive oxidative species (ROS) production, mitochondrial membrane potential (MMP), and intracellular free Ca²⁺ increased after exposure to 5 nM and higher concentrations of MC-LR. MC-LR can immigrate into spermatogonia. At least 5 Oatps (Oatp1a5, -3a1, -6b1, -6c1, and -6d1) were detected at the mRNA level in spermatogonia, and the expression of these Oatps was affected by MC-LR, especially Oatp3a1. This study demonstrated that MC-LR can be transported into spermatogonia and leads to cytotoxicity.
References
Jul 1, 1977·The Journal of Cell Biology·A R BellvéM Dym
Jun 11, 1990·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·J E ErikssonJ A Meriluoto
Jan 1, 1988·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·M F WatanabeM Suzuki
Jan 1, 1995·Biology of Reproduction·M DymN Ravindranath
Jul 15, 1996·Analytical Biochemistry·I F Benzie, J J Strain
Jun 1, 1996·Carcinogenesis·Y UenoS Z Yu
Jan 1, 1996·Biochemistry and Cell Biology = Biochimie Et Biologie Cellulaire·M CraigC F Holmes
Oct 21, 1999·Toxicologic Pathology·R E Guzman, P F Solter
Dec 1, 1999·Endocrinology·B H Schrans-StassenA M van Pelt
Aug 2, 2001·Environmental Science & Technology·P SohoniJ P Sumpter
Aug 2, 2001·Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications·W X DingC N Ong
Jul 2, 2002·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·F IzadyarD G de Rooij
Mar 24, 2004·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Nicolette BothaEnid G Shephard
May 14, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Yunhan HongJianfang Gui
Mar 2, 2005·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·W J FischerB Hagenbuch
Mar 2, 2005·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·Daniel Dietrich, Stefan Hoeger
Mar 22, 2005·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Jun Chen, Ping Xie
May 14, 2005·Environmental Toxicology·Spyros GkelisKaarina Sivonen
Feb 7, 2006·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Paulina SicińskaWirgiliusz Duda
Aug 26, 2006·Nature Clinical Practice. Endocrinology & Metabolism·Hiroshi Kubota, Ralph L Brinster
Jan 3, 2007·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·F Meier-AbtJ L Boyer
Jan 16, 2007·Toxicology·Dan WengPingping Shen
Feb 20, 2007·Molecular Cancer Therapeutics·Noel R MonksJeffrey A Moscow
Mar 21, 2007·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Masaharu KomatsuToru Takeuchi
May 15, 2007·Environmental Toxicology·Cayelan C CareyKathryn L Cottingham
May 25, 2007·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Raquel M SoaresSandra M F O Azevedo
Jun 1, 2007·Water Research·Lirong SongXiaoming Zhang
Aug 21, 2007·Toxicology in Vitro : an International Journal Published in Association with BIBRA·S PichardoG Repetto
Oct 27, 2007·Free Radical Research·Qingqing NongToru Takeuchi
Dec 21, 2007·Journal of Chromatography. B, Analytical Technologies in the Biomedical and Life Sciences·Ming DaiHehua Lei
Oct 14, 2008·Reproductive Toxicology·Yan LiXiaodong Han
Nov 26, 2008·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·D FeursteinD R Dietrich
Jan 20, 2009·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Jun ChenJun Xu
Aug 14, 2009·Experimental and Toxicologic Pathology : Official Journal of the Gesellschaft Für Toxikologische Pathologie·Zongyuan LiShuxian Qu
Jan 28, 2010·Pharmacological Reviews·Curtis D Klaassen, Lauren M Aleksunes
Feb 18, 2010·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Alexandre Campos, Vitor Vasconcelos
Aug 31, 2010·Chemosphere·Minghua WangHuasheng Hong
Feb 23, 2011·Reproductive Toxicology·Yu ChenXiaodong Han
Citations
Jul 31, 2013·Food and Chemical Toxicology : an International Journal Published for the British Industrial Biological Research Association·Xueting WangXiaodong Han
Jan 24, 2013·PloS One·Liang ChenFei Cai
Dec 7, 2013·Cell Death & Disease·J WangJ Gu
Jun 20, 2015·Toxins·Zhu ZhuGuoqing Shi
Mar 1, 2016·Journal of Toxicology·Yaqoob LoneRaj Kumar Koiri
Dec 5, 2015·Frontiers in Microbiology·Rajesh P RastogiAran Incharoensakdi
Sep 19, 2015·Environmental Science & Technology·Ondrej AdamovskyLudek Blaha
Oct 22, 2013·Environmental Toxicology·Guanmin MengLihong Xu
Nov 2, 2015·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Liang ChenPing Xie
Sep 21, 2013·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Yu ChenXiaodong Han
May 29, 2016·Chemosphere·Junguo MaXiaoyu Li
Nov 7, 2014·PloS One·Xiaolu XiongHuajun Xu
Sep 27, 2016·Frontiers in Physiology·Hui HuangHuizhen Zhang
Sep 9, 2016·Toxins·Xiannan MengXiaodong Han
Oct 21, 2016·Environmental Toxicology·Yuan ZhouGuang Yu
Nov 5, 2016·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Xueting WangXiaodong Han
Jan 23, 2017·Archives of Toxicology·Franca M BurattiEnzo Funari
Dec 16, 2016·Scientific Reports·Yabing ChenXiaodong Han
Mar 11, 2016·Scientific Reports·Wanjing LiuXuezhen Zhang
Jun 3, 2017·Marine Drugs·Todd R MillerSarah L Bartlett
Oct 19, 2017·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Ling ZhangXiaodong Han
Sep 13, 2013·The Journal of Toxicological Sciences·Yuan ZhouXiaodong Han
Jun 4, 2019·Environmental Toxicology·Jinxia WuHuizhen Zhang
Dec 3, 2014·Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry·Yinghong JiYi Lu
Nov 24, 2016·Frontiers in Physiology·Shenshen ZhangHuizhen Zhang
Apr 24, 2017·Toxicology Research·Nicole L McLellan, Richard A Manderville
Nov 7, 2019·Environmental Toxicology·Le YuanHuizhen Zhang
Feb 21, 2018·Journal of Materials Chemistry. B, Materials for Biology and Medicine·Kai DongYalin Dong
May 1, 2014·Spermatogenesis·David M Klein, Nathan J Cherrington
Aug 28, 2018·3 Biotech·Mohandass RamyaPasupathi Rathinasabapathi
Jun 13, 2018·Toxins·Haohao LiuHuizhen Zhang
Nov 7, 2019·Chemosphere·Yueqin WangHuizhen Zhang
Sep 30, 2020·Environmental Research·Shiyu ZhangHuizhen Zhang
Apr 3, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Lan GaoDe-Xiang Xu
Jan 11, 2019·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Qin QiaoBenjamin Marie
Jun 22, 2021·The Science of the Total Environment·Sujuan ZhaoGuangyu Li
May 8, 2014·Environmental Science & Technology·Yuan ZhouXiaodong Han