PMID: 8593082Feb 1, 1996Paper

The toxicity of organoarsenic-based warfare agents: in vitro and in vivo studies

Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology
J HenrikssonL Norrgren

Abstract

The four arsenic-containing chemical warfare agents (CWA) Adamsite (technical, 10-chloro-9-10-dihydrophenarsazine), Clark 1 (Diphenyl arsine chloride), Clark 2 (Diphenyl arsine cyanide), and Lewisite (2-chloro-ethenyl dichloro arsine) were evaluated toxicologically using an in vitro and an in vivo model. The CWA were tested in vitro, using human leucocytes, in order to evaluate their effects on cell proliferation and cell cycle kinetics assayed by flow cytometry. The concentration for total inhibition of cell proliferation for the CWAs ranged from 0.3 micrograms/mL (Lewisite) to 15 micrograms/mL (Clark 1). The results showed no differences in cell proliferation between the different stages of the S-phase either at no-effect or at effect concentrations when samples treated with the CWAs were compared with untreated controls. As2O5 was used as a reference, and the arsenic concentration required for total inhibition of the cell proliferation was 1.7 mg/mL. A lower arsenic concentration, 0.83 micrograms/mL, showed a decreasing proliferation ration in the different parts of the S-phase with Searly and Slate having the highest and lowest ratios, respectively. In addition, there was a positive correlation between the unlabeled S-phase...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1979·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·E M SorensenR Ramirez-Mitchell
Jan 1, 1983·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·B Ekwall
Sep 1, 1983·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·F DolbeareJ W Gray

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Citations

Sep 16, 2004·Archives of Toxicology·Seishiro HiranoAmjad Shraim
May 16, 2014·Environmental Science and Pollution Research International·K JaworekŁ Bratek
Dec 23, 2015·Clinical Toxicology : the Official Journal of the American Academy of Clinical Toxicology and European Association of Poisons Centres and Clinical Toxicologists·M I GreenbergD Vearrier
Mar 13, 2016·Journal of Environmental Sciences (China)·Haitao WangHao Sun
Mar 22, 2007·Journal of Hazardous Materials·Hans SandersonPeter B Sørensen
Sep 29, 2004·Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology·Takafumi OchiToshikazu Kaise
Jul 8, 2016·Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology·Alessandro SassoliniMaurizio Guidotti
Sep 17, 2016·Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences·Changzhao LiMohammad Athar
Oct 12, 2016·Scientific Reports·Ritesh K SrivastavaMohammad Athar
Jun 21, 2014·Nature Chemistry·Mackay B SteffensenHagan Bayley
Aug 19, 2009·Angewandte Chemie·Christopher J O'BrienGregory A Chass
Oct 12, 2013·Chemistry : a European Journal·Christopher J O'BrienKatherine C Przeworski

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