The TprK protein of Treponema pallidum is periplasmic and is not a target of opsonic antibody or protective immunity

The Journal of Experimental Medicine
Karsten R O HazlettJustin D Radolf

Abstract

The finding that Treponema pallidum, the syphilis spirochete, contains 12 orthologs of the Treponema denticola outer membrane major sheath protein has engendered speculation that members of this T. pallidum repeat (Tpr) family may be similarly surface exposed. In this regard, the TprK protein was reported to be a target of opsonic antibody and protective immunity and subject to immunologically driven sequence variation. Despite these findings, results from our previous analyses of treponemal outer membranes in concert with computer-based predictions for TprK prompted us to examine the cellular location of this protein. TprK-alkaline phosphatase fusions expressed in Escherichia coli demonstrate that TprK contains a signal peptide. However, opsonophagocytosis assays failed to indicate surface exposure of TprK. Moreover, results from three independent methodologies, i.e., (a) indirect immunofluorescence analysis of agarose-encapsulated organisms, (b) proteinase K treatment of intact spirochetes, and (c) Triton X-114 phase partitioning of T. pallidum conclusively demonstrated that native TprK is entirely periplasmic. Consistent with this location, immunization with the recombinant protein failed to induce either protective immunity...Continue Reading

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Citations

Oct 14, 2003·FEMS Microbiology Letters·Nobuo Koizumi, Haruo Watanabe
Oct 4, 2002·Microbes and Infection·Juan C SalazarJustin D Radolf
Feb 26, 2004·The Journal of Experimental Medicine·Thomas J Templeton
Dec 25, 2007·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Sheila A Lukehart
Jan 19, 2006·Clinical Microbiology Reviews·Rebecca E Lafond, Sheila A Lukehart
Oct 27, 2004·Infection and Immunity·Lorenzo GiacaniArturo Centurion-Lara
Aug 23, 2005·Infection and Immunity·Cheryl I ChampionMichael A Lovett
Sep 15, 2005·Journal of Bacteriology·Karsten R O HazlettJustin D Radolf
May 27, 2010·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Adriana R CruzJuan C Salazar
Apr 6, 2004·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Rekha SeshadriIan T Paulsen
Aug 28, 2009·Cellular Microbiology·Guy H PalmerSheila A Lukehart
May 13, 2009·Molecular Microbiology·Lorenzo GiacaniArturo Centurion-Lara
Dec 27, 2011·Infection, Genetics and Evolution : Journal of Molecular Epidemiology and Evolutionary Genetics in Infectious Diseases·David SmajsGeorge M Weinstock
Sep 29, 2004·FEMS Microbiology Reviews·Paul A CullenBen Adler
Aug 9, 2007·FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology·Lorenzo GiacaniArturo Centurion-Lara
Nov 1, 2016·Nature Reviews. Microbiology·Justin D RadolfX Frank Yang
Jun 22, 2016·Expert Review of Vaccines·Karen V Lithgow, Caroline E Cameron
Feb 2, 2017·Nature Communications·Karen V LithgowCaroline E Cameron
Oct 13, 2017·Nature Reviews. Disease Primers·Rosanna W PeelingAdele S Benzaken

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
PCR
ELISAs
ELISA

Software Mentioned

PUZZLE
TprK
LRT
PSORT
TMpred

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