The tRNA Elbow in Structure, Recognition and Evolution

Life
Jinwei Zhang, Adrian R Ferré-D'Amaré

Abstract

Prominent in the L-shaped three-dimensional structure of tRNAs is the "elbow" where their two orthogonal helical stacks meet. It has a conserved structure arising from the interaction of the terminal loops of the D- and T-stem-loops, and presents to solution a flat face of a tertiary base pair between the D- and T-loops. In addition to the ribosome, which interacts with the elbow in all three of its tRNA binding sites, several cellular RNAs and many proteins are known to recognize the elbow. At least three classes of non-coding RNAs, namely 23S rRNA, ribonuclease P, and the T-box riboswitches, recognize the tRNA elbow employing an identical structural motif consisting of two interdigitated T-loops. In contrast, structural solutions to tRNA-elbow recognition by proteins are varied. Some enzymes responsible for post-transcriptional tRNA modification even disrupt the elbow structure in order to access their substrate nucleotides. The evolutionary origin of the elbow is mysterious, but, because it does not explicitly participate in the flow of genetic information, it has been proposed to be a late innovation. Regardless, it is biologically essential. Even some viruses that hijack the cellular machinery using tRNA decoys have conver...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 5, 2016·Biomolecules·Jinwei Zhang, Adrian R Ferré-DAmaré
Dec 14, 2016·Journal of the American Chemical Society·Leonardo DarréModesto Orozco
Dec 10, 2016·Biochemistry·William J Martin, Nicholas J Reiter
Apr 5, 2017·Biomolecules·Christian LorenzMario Mörl
Dec 23, 2016·Journal of Physics. Condensed Matter : an Institute of Physics Journal·Dominika JedrzejczykArkadiusz Chworos
Jul 5, 2019·Microbiology and Molecular Biology Reviews : MMBR·Charles L Turnbough
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Sep 10, 2020·RNA Biology·Matthew D Berg, Christopher J Brandl
Dec 21, 2017·Frontiers in Microbiology·Ascensión Ariza-Mateos, Jordi Gómez
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Dec 25, 2019·Nature Structural & Molecular Biology·Dejian ZhouMatthieu G Gagnon
Nov 12, 2020·Biomolecules·Congliang SunBalasubrahmanyam Addepalli
Jul 28, 2018·Microbiology Spectrum·Kiel D Kreuzer, Tina M Henkin
Oct 8, 2021·ACS Nano·Niki K ThomasRobin L Abu-Shumays

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
aminoacylation
X-ray

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