The Twin White Herrings: Salt and Sugar

Indian Journal of Endocrinology and Metabolism
Lovely GuptaYashdeep Gupta

Abstract

India has the dubious distinction of being a hotspot for both diabetes and hypertension. Increased salt and sugar consumption is believed to fuel these two epidemics. This review is an in-depth analysis of current medical literature on salt and sugar being the two white troublemakers of modern society. The PubMed, Medline, and Embase search for articles published in January 2018, using the terms "salt" [MeSH Terms] OR "sodium chloride" [All Fields] OR "sugar" [All Fields]. India is world's highest consumer of sugar with one of the highest salt consumption per day. Increased salt intake is associated with increased risk of hypertension, left ventricular hypertrophy and fibrosis, cardiovascular events, renal stones, proteinuria, and renal failure. Increased sugar intake is directly linked to increased risk of obesity, fatty liver disease, and metabolic syndrome. Also, increased sugar intake may be indirectly related to the increased risk of type 2 diabetes. Both salt and sugar intake is directly linked to increased systemic and hypothalamic inflammation, endothelial dysfunction, microangiopathy, cardiovascular remodelling, cancers, and death. High fructose corn is especially damaging. There is no safe limit of sugar consumption, ...Continue Reading

References

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Oct 22, 2008·American Journal of Physiology. Heart and Circulatory Physiology·David J ChessWilliam C Stanley
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Oct 19, 2016·Journal of Hypertension·Claire JohnsonBruce Neal

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Citations

Oct 17, 2019·European Endocrinology·Lovely GuptaDeep Dutta

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