The use of immune modulating drugs for the treatment of multiple sclerosis.

Neurosciences : the Official Journal of the Pan Arab Union of Neurological Sciences
Fahd A Al-Khamis

Abstract

This review discusses the mechanisms of action of 4 immune modulating drugs currently used in the treatment of multiple sclerosis (MS), including Alemtuzumab, a humanized monoclonal antibody that functions by targeting CD52, an antigen primarily expressed on T and B lymphocytes and monocytes/macrophages, resulting in their depletion and subsequent repopulation; Dimethyl fumarate that switches cytokine production toward a T helper 2 profile and enhances cytosolic levels of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2, which has immune regulatory and cytoprotective effects on oligodendrocytes, neurons, and glial cells; Fingolimod functions by blocking the release of activated lymphocytes from lymph nodes by targeting sphingosin-1-phosphate receptors; Natalizumab a humanized monoclonal antibody binds α4β1-integrin resulting in reduced migration of immune cells from blood across the blood-brain barrier into the CNS. This review presents the most up to date information on mechanisms of action, safety, and efficacy of these immune modulators and provides future perspectives for the treatment of MS.

Citations

Jan 29, 2017·Journal of Investigative Medicine : the Official Publication of the American Federation for Clinical Research·Diana L Vargas, William R Tyor
Dec 5, 2020·Biomedicines·Ludmiła Szewczak, Katarzyna Donskow-Łysoniewska

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NCT00930553

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