The utility of C4d, C9, and troponin T immunohistochemistry in acute myocardial infarction.

Archives of Pathology & Laboratory Medicine
Crystal P JenkinsSigurd J Normann

Abstract

Full activation and involvement of the complement pathway follows acute myocardial infarction. Complement fragment C4d is a stable, covalently bound marker of complement activation. Troponin T is specific for cardiomyocytes. To determine the specificity of C4d, C9, and troponin T immunoreactivity in necrotic myocytes and to establish whether they can be used to delineate acute myocardial infarction. Twenty-six autopsy cases with a total of 54 myocardium areas of infarction were reviewed retrospectively. Immunohistochemistry for C4d, C9, and troponin T was used on paraffin sections of formalin-fixed tissue. Controls consisted of 5 cases without evidence of infarction, and histologically normal myocardium functioned as an internal control. C4d and C9 antibodies reacted strongly and diffusely with necrotic myocytes in all samples of infarctions for up to 2 days (19 of 19; 100%). Adjacent histologically normal myocytes were nonreactive, resulting in a clear delineation between damaged and viable myocardium. Reactivity declined with increased duration and was absent in scars. Troponin T showed loss of staining in preinflammatory lesions (8 of 13; 62%); however, nonspecific patchy loss of staining was present in negative controls and...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 25, 2018·International Journal of Legal Medicine·Aleksandra AljaknaSara Sabatasso
Mar 21, 2018·International Journal of Legal Medicine·Aleksandra AljaknaAurélien Thomas
Jun 2, 2021·Amyloid : the International Journal of Experimental and Clinical Investigation : the Official Journal of the International Society of Amyloidosis·Annelie LuxChristoph Röcken
Mar 13, 2016·The American Journal of Pathology·Atis MuehlenbachsSherif R Zaki
Jul 2, 2019·Circulation·Karel van DuijvenbodenVincent M Christoffels
Jul 28, 2021·Critical Reviews in Biochemistry and Molecular Biology·Juliane Gottwald, Christoph Röcken

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