PMID: 8946634Nov 1, 1996Paper

The vaginal microflora of pig-tailed macaques and the effects of chlorhexidine and benzalkonium on this ecosystem

Sexually Transmitted Diseases
Dorothy L PattonS L Hillier

Abstract

To characterize normal vaginal microflora of pig-tailed macaques and to evaluate two commonly used intravaginal compounds, chlorhexidine (CHG), a vaginal antiseptic (Surgilube, E. Fougera, Melville, NY), and benzalkonium chloride (BZK) (spermicidal contraceptive) in this monkey model to assess effects on the vaginal microflora. Vaginal swabs were collected for microbiologic analysis to characterize normal flora. Subsequently, the vagina was exposed to either CHG or BZK twice at 24-hour intervals. The vaginal microflora of 26 pig-tailed macaques was found to be remarkably similar to the vaginal flora of the human with respect to frequency of vaginal colonization by H2O2-producing lactobacilli, Prevotella species, and several other microorganisms. After two vaginal applications at 24-hour intervals, CHG had only small effects on the vaginal microflora of five animals. By contrast, BZK applied by the same protocol had profound adverse effects on the lactobacilli and Peptostreptococcus and more transient effects on vaginal Prevotella and viridans streptococci of six animals. These observations demonstrate that the vaginal microflora of the pig-tailed macaque is a useful model in which to further evaluate newly developed intravagina...Continue Reading

References

Jan 1, 1992·Gynecologic and Obstetric Investigation·M ShubairB Larsen
Jan 1, 1989·Archives of Dermatology·M OkanoT Aoki
Jun 1, 1993·Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America·S L HillierD A Eschenbach

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Citations

Jun 27, 2009·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Dorothy L PattonKathleen J Paul
Mar 14, 2007·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·D L PattonS L Hillier
Oct 8, 2008·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Patrick M SchlievertAshley T Haase
Sep 12, 2012·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·John A MossMarc M Baum
Dec 14, 2011·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Todd J JohnsonPatrick F Kiser
Jul 10, 2013·Infection and Immunity·Evelien De ClercqDaisy Vanrompay
Jun 3, 2006·BMC Infectious Diseases·Richard A ConeThomas R Moench
Mar 30, 2011·Journal of Medical Primatology·Yvonne T Cosgrove SweeneyDorothy L Patton
Apr 11, 2014·American Journal of Reproductive Immunology : AJRI·Janet M McNichollEllen N Kersh
Mar 12, 2011·Journal of Medical Microbiology·Manjula GunawardanaMarc M Baum
Dec 22, 2009·American Journal of Obstetrics and Gynecology·Ora I SchwopeLarry Rand
Mar 13, 2015·Pathogens and Disease·Elizabeth NeuendorfJacques Ravel
Jul 19, 2001·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·D L PattonS L Hillier
Oct 9, 2002·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Dorothy L PattonSharon L Hillier
Apr 6, 2004·Journal of Medical Primatology·Dorothy L PattonSharon L Hillier
Apr 27, 2004·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·D L PattonS L Hillier
Nov 23, 2016·Infection and Immunity·Gwendolyn E WoodPatricia A Totten
Feb 26, 2014·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·Lara E PereiraJames M Smith
May 13, 2006·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Dorothy L PattonSharon L Hillier
Jul 3, 2003·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·Dorothy L PattonSharon L Hillier
Nov 1, 1996·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·D L PattonS L Hillier
Aug 26, 1998·Sexually Transmitted Diseases·S L RosenthalL R Stanberry
Apr 2, 1999·Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy·B C HeroldM D Cooper

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