The Winding Road to Relapse: Forging a New Understanding of Cue-Induced Reinstatement Models and Their Associated Neural Mechanisms

Frontiers in Behavioral Neuroscience
Mark D NambaCassandra D Gipson

Abstract

In drug addiction, cues previously associated with drug use can produce craving and frequently trigger the resumption of drug taking in individuals vulnerable to relapse. Environmental stimuli associated with drugs or natural reinforcers can become reliably conditioned to increase behavior that was previously reinforced. In preclinical models of addiction, these cues enhance both drug self-administration and reinstatement of drug seeking. In this review, we will dissociate the roles of conditioned stimuli as reinforcers from their modulatory or discriminative functions in producing drug-seeking behavior. As well, we will examine possible differences in neurobiological encoding underlying these functional differences. Specifically, we will discuss how models of drug addiction and relapse should more systematically evaluate these different types of stimuli to better understand the neurobiology underlying craving and relapse. In this way, behavioral and pharmacotherapeutic interventions may be better tailored to promote drug use cessation outcomes and long-term abstinence.

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Citations

Sep 27, 2018·Psychopharmacology·Travis D Goode, Stephen Maren
May 1, 2020·Nursing Forum·Seol Ju Esther Moon, Heeyoung Lee
Nov 11, 2020·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Y Vandaele, S H Ahmed
Feb 27, 2021·Addiction Biology·Paul S RegierAnna Rose Childress
Mar 25, 2021·Substance Abuse : Official Publication of the Association for Medical Education and Research in Substance Abuse·Taeko FrostAaron D Fox
Apr 12, 2021·Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews·Mi Young LeeChae Ha Yang
Jul 22, 2021·Neuropsychopharmacology : Official Publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology·Anna Maria BorrutoRoberto Ciccocioppo

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