The world of epithelial sheets

Development, Growth & Differentiation
Hisao Honda

Abstract

An epithelium is a layer of closely connected cells covering the body or lining a body cavity. In this review, several fundamental questions are addressed regarding the epithelium. (i) While an epithelium functions as barrier against the external environment, how is barrier function maintained during its construction? (ii) What determines the apical and basal sides of epithelial layer? (iii) Is there any relationship between the apical side of the epithelium and the apical membrane of an epithelial cell? (iv) Why are hepatocytes (liver cells) called epithelial, even though they differ completely from column-like shape of typical epithelial cells? Keeping these questions in mind, multiple shapes of epithelia were considered, extracting a few of their elemental processes, and constructing a virtual world of epithelia by combining them. Epithelial cells were also classified into several types based on the number of apical domains of each cell. In addition, an intracellular organelle was introduced within epithelial cells, the vacuolar apical compartment (VAC), which is produced within epithelial cells surrounded by external cell matrix (ECM). The VAC interacts with areas of cell-cell contact of the cell surface membrane and is con...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 16, 2019·PLoS Genetics·Kassiani SkouloudakiElisabeth Knust
Jan 9, 2020·Journal of Cell Communication and Signaling·Sitong ShenYan Zhang
Oct 24, 2019·Physical Review. E·Kamleswar Chandrasekaran, Biplab Bose
Aug 8, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Catharina M AlamDiana M Toivola

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