The X factor: X chromosome dosage compensation in the evolutionarily divergent monotremes and marsupials

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
Deanne J Whitworth, Andrew J Pask

Abstract

Marsupials and monotremes represent evolutionarily divergent lineages from the majority of extant mammals which are eutherian, or placental, mammals. Monotremes possess multiple X and Y chromosomes that appear to have arisen independently of eutherian and marsupial sex chromosomes. Dosage compensation of X-linked genes occurs in monotremes on a gene-by-gene basis, rather than through chromosome-wide silencing, as is the case in eutherians and marsupials. Specifically, studies in the platypus have shown that for any given X-linked gene, a specific proportion of nuclei within a cell population will silence one locus, with the percentage of cells undergoing inactivation at that locus being highly gene-specific. Hence, it is perhaps not surprising that the expression level of X-linked genes in female platypus is almost double that in males. This is in contrast to the situation in marsupials where one of the two X chromosomes is inactivated in females by the long non-coding RNA RSX, a functional analogue of the eutherian XIST. However, marsupial X chromosome inactivation differs from that seen in eutherians in that it is exclusively the paternal X chromosome that is silenced. In addition, marsupials appear to have globally upregulat...Continue Reading

References

Sep 1, 1987·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·D C Kaslow, B R Migeon
Sep 2, 1997·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·M J WakefieldJ A Graves
Jul 21, 1999·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·A Pask, J A Graves
Sep 19, 2000·Genesis : the Journal of Genetics and Development·A J PaskJ A Marshall Graves
Dec 19, 2001·The Journal of Experimental Zoology·A Pask, M B Renfree
Aug 6, 2003·Cytogenetic and Genome Research·J A M GravesH Hameister
Mar 18, 2005·Nature·Mark T RossDavid R Bentley
Mar 3, 2007·Chromosome Research : an International Journal on the Molecular, Supramolecular and Evolutionary Aspects of Chromosome Biology·Timothy A HoreJennifer A Marshall Graves
May 9, 2008·Genome Research·Frédéric VeyrunesJennifer A Marshall Graves
Jul 26, 2008·PLoS Genetics·Janine E DeakinJennifer A Marshall Graves
Jan 14, 2009·Reproduction : the Official Journal of the Society for the Study of Fertility·Yanqiu HuMarilyn B Renfree
Feb 14, 2009·Chromosome Research : an International Journal on the Molecular, Supramolecular and Evolutionary Aspects of Chromosome Biology·Edda KoinaJennifer A Marshall Graves
May 15, 2009·Genome Research·Margaret L DelbridgeJennifer A Marshall Graves
Sep 1, 2009·Current Biology : CB·Shantha K MahadevaiahJames M A Turner
Oct 6, 2009·Chromosome Research : an International Journal on the Molecular, Supramolecular and Evolutionary Aspects of Chromosome Biology·Janine E DeakinJennifer A Marshall Graves
Apr 7, 2010·Genome Research·Fan YangChristine M Disteche
Sep 24, 2010·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Willem RensAnne C Ferguson-Smith
Nov 26, 2010·Nature Genetics·Yuanyan XiongXionglei He
Dec 3, 2010·Biology of Reproduction·Yanqiu HuMarilyn B Renfree
Oct 1, 2011·BMC Developmental Biology·Yanqiu HuAndrew J Pask
Nov 29, 2011·Nature Genetics·Peter V KharchenkoPeter J Park
Mar 7, 2012·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Eugénie PessiaGabriel A B Marais
May 23, 2012·PLoS Biology·Philippe JulienHenrik Kaessmann
Jul 23, 2013·PLoS Genetics·Alexandra M LivernoisPaul D Waters
Apr 25, 2014·Nature·Diego CortezHenrik Kaessmann
Dec 30, 2014·BMC Evolutionary Biology·Claudia L Rodríguez-DelgadoPaul D Waters
Mar 19, 2015·PLoS Genetics·Joel B BerletchXinxian Deng

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Citations

Apr 27, 2016·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Christine M Disteche
May 3, 2013·PLoS Genetics·Tim Connallon, Andrew G Clark
Aug 29, 2007·PLoS Genetics·Jeroen BussmannStefan Schulte-Merker
Jul 20, 2016·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Andrea Cerase
Aug 15, 2018·Nature Plants·Aline MuyleGabriel A B Marais
Nov 7, 2019·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Bronwyn J Posynick, Carolyn J Brown
Jul 13, 2021·Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences·Matthias StöckYann Guiguen

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Trending Feeds

COVID-19

Coronaviruses encompass a large family of viruses that cause the common cold as well as more serious diseases, such as the ongoing outbreak of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19; formally known as 2019-nCoV). Coronaviruses can spread from animals to humans; symptoms include fever, cough, shortness of breath, and breathing difficulties; in more severe cases, infection can lead to death. This feed covers recent research on COVID-19.

Blastomycosis

Blastomycosis fungal infections spread through inhaling Blastomyces dermatitidis spores. Discover the latest research on blastomycosis fungal infections here.

Nuclear Pore Complex in ALS/FTD

Alterations in nucleocytoplasmic transport, controlled by the nuclear pore complex, may be involved in the pathomechanism underlying multiple neurodegenerative diseases including Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis and Frontotemporal Dementia. Here is the latest research on the nuclear pore complex in ALS and FTD.

Applications of Molecular Barcoding

The concept of molecular barcoding is that each original DNA or RNA molecule is attached to a unique sequence barcode. Sequence reads having different barcodes represent different original molecules, while sequence reads having the same barcode are results of PCR duplication from one original molecule. Discover the latest research on molecular barcoding here.

Chronic Fatigue Syndrome

Chronic fatigue syndrome is a disease characterized by unexplained disabling fatigue; the pathology of which is incompletely understood. Discover the latest research on chronic fatigue syndrome here.

Evolution of Pluripotency

Pluripotency refers to the ability of a cell to develop into three primary germ cell layers of the embryo. This feed focuses on the mechanisms that underlie the evolution of pluripotency. Here is the latest research.

Position Effect Variegation

Position Effect Variagation occurs when a gene is inactivated due to its positioning near heterochromatic regions within a chromosome. Discover the latest research on Position Effect Variagation here.

STING Receptor Agonists

Stimulator of IFN genes (STING) are a group of transmembrane proteins that are involved in the induction of type I interferon that is important in the innate immune response. The stimulation of STING has been an active area of research in the treatment of cancer and infectious diseases. Here is the latest research on STING receptor agonists.

Microbicide

Microbicides are products that can be applied to vaginal or rectal mucosal surfaces with the goal of preventing, or at least significantly reducing, the transmission of sexually transmitted infections. Here is the latest research on microbicides.

Related Papers

Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology
Ruben Agrelo, Anton Wutz
Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
Edda G Schulz, Edith Heard
Chromosome Research : an International Journal on the Molecular, Supramolecular and Evolutionary Aspects of Chromosome Biology
Edda KoinaJennifer A Marshall Graves
Current Opinion in Genetics & Development
Anton Wutz, Joost Gribnau
© 2021 Meta ULC. All rights reserved