The zoonotic pathogen Leptospira interrogans mitigates environmental stress through cyclic-di-GMP-controlled biofilm production.

NPJ Biofilms and Microbiomes
Roman ThibeauxCyrille Goarant

Abstract

The zoonotic bacterium Leptospira interrogans is the aetiological agent of leptospirosis, a re-emerging infectious disease that is a growing public health concern. Most human cases of leptospirosis result from environmental infection. Biofilm formation and its contribution to the persistence of virulent leptospires in the environment or in the host have scarcely been addressed. Here, we examined spatial and time-domain changes in biofilm production by L. interrogans. Our observations showed that biofilm formation in L. interrogans is a highly dynamic process and leads to a polarized architecture. We notably found that the biofilm matrix is composed of extracellular DNA, which enhances the biofilm's cohesiveness. By studying L. interrogans mutants with defective diguanylate cyclase and phosphodiesterase genes, we show that biofilm production is regulated by intracellular levels of bis-(3'-5')-cyclic dimeric guanosine monophosphate (c-di-GMP) and underpins the bacterium's ability to withstand a wide variety of simulated environmental stresses. Our present results show how the c-di-GMP pathway regulates biofilm formation by L. interrogans, provide insights into the environmental persistence of L. interrogans and, more generally, h...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 20, 2020·Current Microbiology·Emilie BierqueCyrille Goarant
Jul 18, 2021·Environmental Research·Pothiaraj GovindanArivalagan Pugazhendhi
Sep 9, 2021·PLoS Neglected Tropical Diseases·Ana Amélia Nunes SantosPaula Ristow
Oct 22, 2021·PLoS Pathogens·Jenifer CoburnDavid A Haake
Dec 14, 2021·PloS One·Theerapat PhokaKanitha Patarakul

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
environmental stresses
scanning electron microscopy
gene knockouts
imaging techniques
environmental stress
PCR

Software Mentioned

CellSens Dimension
Olympus
Leica Application Suite X ( LAS )
GraphPad Prism
GraphPad
LAS X
ImageJ

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