Theft and Reception of Host Cell's Sialic Acid: Dynamics of Trypanosoma Cruzi Trans -sialidases and Mucin-Like Molecules on Chagas' Disease Immunomodulation

Frontiers in Immunology
Leonardo Marques da FonsecaLeonardo Freire-de-Lima

Abstract

The last decades have produced a plethora of evidence on the role of glycans, from cell adhesion to signaling pathways. Much of that information pertains to their role on the immune system and their importance on the surface of many human pathogens. A clear example of this is the flagellated protozoan Trypanosoma cruzi, which displays on its surface a great variety of glycoconjugates, including O-glycosylated mucin-like glycoproteins, as well as multiple glycan-binding proteins belonging to the trans-sialidase (TS) family. Among the latter, different and concurrently expressed molecules may present or not TS activity, and are accordingly known as active (aTS) and inactive (iTS) members. Over the last thirty years, it has been well described that T. cruzi is unable to synthesize sialic acid (SIA) on its own, making use of aTS to steal the host's SIA. Although iTS did not show enzymatic activity, it retains a substrate specificity similar to aTS (α-2,3 SIA-containing glycotopes), displaying lectinic properties. It is accepted that aTS members act as virulence factors in mammals coursing the acute phase of the T. cruzi infection. However, recent findings have demonstrated that iTS may also play a pathogenic role during T. cruzi in...Continue Reading

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Nov 16, 2019·Parasitology·Roberta Ferreira Cura das NevesThaïs Souto-Padrón
Jun 27, 2020·Frontiers in Cell and Developmental Biology·Marina Ferreira BatistaDiana Bahia
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Mar 23, 2021·Frontiers in Cellular and Infection Microbiology·Gabriel Ferri, Martin M Edreira

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