Theophylline and aminophylline for prevention of acute kidney injury in neonates and children: a systematic review

Archives of Disease in Childhood
Girish Chandra BhattRashmi Ranjan Das

Abstract

To compare the efficacy and safety of theophylline or aminophylline for prevention of acute kidney injury (AKI) in neonates and children. Systematic review and meta-analysis with application of Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation system. PubMed/MEDLINE, Embase, Google Scholar and Cochrane renal group were searched from 1970 to May 2018. Randomised clinical trials and quasi-randomised trials comparing the efficacy and safety of prophylactic theophylline or aminophylline for prevention of AKI in neonates and children were included. The primary outcomes were: incidence of AKI, serum creatinine levels and all-cause mortality. A total of nine trials were included in the qualitative synthesis. Six trials including 436 term neonates with birth asphyxia who received a single dose of theophylline were finally included in the meta-analysis. The pooled estimate showed 60% reduction in the incidence of AKI in neonates with severe birth asphyxia (RR: 0.40; 95% CI 0.3 to 0.54; heterogeneity: I2=0%) (moderate quality evidence), decrease in serum creatinine over days 2-5 (very low to low quality evidence) without significant difference in all-cause mortality (RR: 0.88; 95% CI 0.52 to 1.50; heterogeneity: I2=0%) (...Continue Reading

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