Therapeutic Agents with AHR Inhibiting and NRF2 Activating Activity for Managing Chloracne

Antioxidants
Masutaka FurueGaku Tsuji

Abstract

Chloracne is the major skin symptom caused by dioxin intoxication. Dioxin activates the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR)⁻cytochrome p450 1A1 (CYP1A1) system, generates oxidative stress, and induces hyperkeratinization of keratinocytes and sebocytes leading to chloracne. Nuclear factor-erythroid 2-related factor-2 (NRF2) is a master switch that induces the expression of various antioxidative enzymes, such as heme oxygenase-1. Cinnamaldehyde is an antioxidant phytochemical that inhibits AHR⁻CYP1A1 signaling and activates the NRF2⁻antioxidative axis. The cinnamaldehyde-containing Kampo herbal medicine Keishibukuryogan is capable of improving chloracne in Yusho patients who are highly contaminated with dioxin. Agents with dual functions in promoting AHR⁻CYP1A1 inhibition and NRF2 activation may be useful for managing dioxin-related health hazards.

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Citations

Nov 7, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Masutaka FurueGaku Tsuji
Dec 11, 2019·International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health·Masutaka Furue, Gaku Tsuji
Jan 10, 2021·Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety·Yipeng SunXiongbiao Wang
Jan 16, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Masutaka FurueGaku Tsuji
Aug 13, 2020·Biomolecules & Therapeutics·Seung Eun LeeJongsung Lee
Mar 2, 2021·World Journal of Clinical Cases·Yan MaWen-Li Feng
May 1, 2021·Antioxidants·Stefano LorenzettiInga C Teller

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