Therapeutic potential of omega-3 fatty acid-derived epoxyeicosanoids in cardiovascular and inflammatory diseases

Pharmacology & Therapeutics
Wolf-Hagen SchunckKarsten-Henrich Weylandt

Abstract

Numerous benefits have been attributed to dietary long-chain omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (n-3 LC-PUFAs), including protection against cardiac arrhythmia, triglyceride-lowering, amelioration of inflammatory, and neurodegenerative disorders. This review covers recent findings indicating that a variety of these beneficial effects are mediated by "omega-3 epoxyeicosanoids", a class of novel n-3 LC-PUFA-derived lipid mediators, which are generated via the cytochrome P450 (CYP) epoxygenase pathway. CYP enzymes, previously identified as arachidonic acid (20:4n-6; AA) epoxygenases, accept eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3; EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3; DHA), the major fish oil n-3 LC-PUFAs, as efficient alternative substrates. In humans and rodents, dietary EPA/DHA supplementation causes a profound shift of the endogenous CYP-eicosanoid profile from AA- to EPA- and DHA-derived metabolites, increasing, in particular, the plasma and tissue levels of 17,18-epoxyeicosatetraenoic acid (17,18-EEQ) and 19,20-epoxydocosapentaenoic acid (19,20-EDP). Based on preclinical studies, these omega-3 epoxyeicosanoids display cardioprotective, vasodilatory, anti-inflammatory, and anti-allergic properties that contribute to the beneficial ...Continue Reading

Citations

Sep 20, 2018·Clinical and Experimental Pharmacology & Physiology·Thekkuttuparambil A Ajith, Thankamani G Jayakumar
Nov 10, 2018·Journal of Lipid Research·Maximilian BlumWolf-Hagen Schunck
Oct 17, 2018·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·Ahmed M DarweshJohn M Seubert
Feb 18, 2019·International Immunology·Tomoaki IshiharaMakoto Arita
Feb 13, 2019·Nutrients·Karsten-H WeylandtUrsula Kassner
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Nov 22, 2019·Journal of Cellular and Molecular Medicine·Xuguang LiFang Wang
Jul 10, 2020·The Journal of International Medical Research·Yunxue BaiRui Zhao
Jul 11, 2020·Journal of Psychopharmacology·Juliette GiacobbeAlessandra Borsini
Apr 28, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Gretel Dovale-RosabalAlejandra Espinosa
May 19, 2019·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Andreas LoewKarsten-H Weylandt
Nov 8, 2019·Blood·Michael Holinstat
Jul 25, 2019·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Ingrid Fleming
Nov 30, 2019·Physiological Reports·Benjamin GollaschFriedrich C Luft
Aug 23, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Clara Dos Reis NunesDaniela Barros de Oliveira
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