Therapeutic Strategies for Modulating the Extracellular Matrix to Improve Pancreatic Islet Function and Survival After Transplantation

Current Diabetes Reports
Alexandra M Smink, Paul de Vos

Abstract

Extracellular matrix (ECM) components modulate the interaction between pancreatic islet cells. During the islet isolation prior to transplantation as treatment for type 1 diabetes, the ECM is disrupted impacting functional graft survival. Recently, strategies for restoring ECM have shown to improve transplantation outcomes. This review discusses the current therapeutic strategies to modulate ECM components to improve islet engraftment. Approaches applied are seeding islets in ECM of decellularized organs, supplementation of specific ECM components in polymeric scaffolds or immunoisolating capsules, and stimulating islet ECM production with specific growth factors or ECM-producing cells. These strategies have shown success in improving functional islet survival. However, the same experiments show that caution should be taken as some ECM components may negatively impact islet function and engraftment. ECM restoration resulted in improved transplantation outcomes, but careful selection of beneficial ECM components and strategies is warranted.

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Citations

Apr 22, 2020·Biotechnology and Bioengineering·Nooshin AminiSusan T Sharfstein
Jun 17, 2020·American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism·Clarissa Hernandez StephensSherry Voytik-Harbin
Aug 21, 2020·Macromolecular Rapid Communications·Jun Kit WangChor Yong Tay
Dec 2, 2020·Journal of Applied Biomaterials & Functional Materials·Tianshu LanXue Yi
Sep 16, 2020·Transplantation Proceedings·Lingling WeiDong Zhao
Apr 5, 2021·Materials Science & Engineering. C, Materials for Biological Applications·Shuxian HuPaul de Vos
Dec 29, 2020·Chemical Reviews·Stephanie FuchsMinglin Ma
Jan 27, 2021·Stem Cells·Phillip L Lewis, James M Wells

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NCT02213003

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