Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms: what's in a name?

Current Opinion in Hematology
Virginia M Klimek, Nancy J Tray

Abstract

Therapy-related myeloid neoplasms (tMN) are increasingly recognized and studied diseases which have traditionally been defined clinically. With advances in methods used to study the genetics of aging and myeloid disease biology, novel insights are emerging which are expected to improve our understanding of the genetics and pathogenesis of tMN. Clinical outcomes in tMN and de novo MDS/AML appear to be largely determined by genetics, and data are emerging to show how DNA mutations may enhance tMN risk stratification. The discovery of skewed hematopoieses and mutations in healthy older adults suggests an alternate predisposition mechanism for the genesis of tMN. Patients with tMN do respond to standard therapy and can benefit from allogeneic transplant in a manner similar to their genetically matched de novo counterpart. De novo MDS/AML and tMN have shared genetic features, and tMN clinical outcomes may depend more on the genetics at presentation than the clinical history of an antecedent malignancy. Acquired somatic mutations in genes such as TP53 and myeloid skewing with associated mutations in cancer-free older adults may predispose such individuals to tMN under the influence of myelosuppressive therapy, and this may be a route...Continue Reading

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Citations

Dec 9, 2016·Current Opinion in Hematology·Arnold Ganser, Michael Heuser
Nov 29, 2016·Leukemia & Lymphoma·Gudrun GöhringCharlotte M Niemeyer
Dec 19, 2017·Journal of Clinical Oncology : Official Journal of the American Society of Clinical Oncology·Remco J MolenaarSudipto Mukherjee
Jun 25, 2020·Journal of Molecular Medicine : Official Organ of the Gesellschaft Deutscher Naturforscher Und Ärzte·Galetzka DanutaSchmidberger Heinz

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
MDS

Clinical Trials Mentioned

NCT00715637

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