Thermal effects of whole head submersion in cold water on nonshivering humans

Journal of Applied Physiology
Thea PretoriusGordon Giesbrecht

Abstract

This study isolated the effect of whole head submersion in cold water, on surface heat loss and body core cooling, when the confounding effect of shivering heat production was pharmacologically eliminated. Eight healthy male subjects were studied in 17 degrees C water under four conditions: the body was either insulated or uninsulated, with the head either above the water or completely submersed in each body-insulation subcondition. Shivering was abolished with buspirone (30 mg) and meperidine (2.5 mg/kg), and subjects breathed compressed air throughout all trials. Over the first 30 min of immersion, exposure of the head increased core cooling both in the body-insulated conditions (head out: 0.47 +/- 0.2 degrees C, head in: 0.77 +/- 0.2 degrees C; P < 0.05) and the body-exposed conditions (head out: 0.84 +/- 0.2 degrees C and head in: 1.17 +/- 0.5 degrees C; P < 0.02). Submersion of the head (7% of the body surface area) in the body-exposed conditions increased total heat loss by only 10%. In both body-exposed and body-insulated conditions, head submersion increased core cooling rate much more (average of 42%) than it increased total heat loss. This may be explained by a redistribution of blood flow in response to stimulation o...Continue Reading

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Citations

Nov 3, 2009·European Journal of Applied Physiology·Hani Al HaddadMartin Buchheit
Mar 15, 2012·Journal of Occupational and Environmental Hygiene·Raymond J RobergeStacey Benson
Oct 22, 2010·Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism = Physiologie Appliquée, Nutrition Et Métabolisme·Thea PretoriusGordon G Giesbrecht
May 16, 2012·International Journal of Circumpolar Health·Helge BrändströmMichael Haney
Apr 21, 2010·Autonomic Neuroscience : Basic & Clinical·Hani Al HaddadMartin Buchheit
Nov 17, 2009·Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica·L CovaciuS Rubertsson
Oct 5, 2014·Wilderness & Environmental Medicine·Scott E McIntoshColin K Grissom
Apr 17, 2017·Emergency Medicine Clinics of North America·Ken Zafren
Sep 2, 2020·International Journal of Biometeorology·Paweł PodsiadłoHermann Brugger
Apr 20, 2021·Frontiers in Sports and Active Living·Maxime ChauvineauMathieu Nedelec

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