Thermal stability of proteins

Annals of the New York Academy of Sciences
J C Bischof, Xiaoming He

Abstract

Protein stability is critical to the outcome of nearly all thermally mediated applications to biomaterials such as thermal therapies (including cryosurgery), burn injury, and biopreservation. As such, it is imperative to understand as much as possible about how a protein loses stability and to what extent we can control this through the thermal environment as well as through chemical or mechanical modification of the protein environment. This review presents an overview of protein stability in terms of denaturation due to temperature alteration (predominantly high and some low) and its modification by use of chemical additives, pH modification as well as modification of the mechanical environment (stress) of the proteins such as collagen. These modifiers are able to change the kinetics of protein denaturation during heating. While pH can affect the activation energy (or activation enthalpy) and the frequency factor (or activation entropy) of the denaturation kinetics, many other chemical and mechanical modifiers only affect the frequency factor (activation entropy). Often, the modification affecting activation entropy appears to be linked to the hydration of the protein. While the heat-induced denaturation of proteins is reason...Continue Reading

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