Thermodynamic basis for expressing dose logarithmically

Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
William J Waddell

Abstract

The current explanations for using a logarithmic scale for the dose of a chemical, administered to a biological system, have all been empirical. There is a fundamental, thermodynamic reason why a logarithmic scale must be used. The chemical potential is the effect that a chemical exerts on any system, including biological systems. The chemical potential of a chemical in any system is directly proportional to the logarithm of its activity or concentration. Lack of understanding of this concept and the consequent use of a linear scale for dose has led to misinterpretation of many biological experiments.

Citations

Feb 2, 2010·The Journal of Toxicological Sciences·William J Waddell
May 24, 2016·Regulatory Toxicology and Pharmacology : RTP·Ted W SimonNancy B Beck
Jan 12, 2010·Human & Experimental Toxicology·William J Waddell
Aug 22, 2009·Chemical Research in Toxicology·William J WaddellJoseph F Borzelleca
Jun 24, 2011·Analytical Chemistry·Jae Young YunJong Wook Hong

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