Thiamin

Advances in Food and Nutrition Research
Derrick Lonsdale

Abstract

Starting with a brief history of beriberi and the discovery that thiamin deficiency is its cause, the symptoms and signs are reviewed. None are pathognomonic. The disease has a low mortality and a long morbidity. The appearance of the patient can be deceptive, often being mistaken for psychosomatic disease in the early stages. The chemistry of thiamin and the laboratory methodology for depicting its deficiency are outlined. The diseases associated with thiamin deficiency, apart from malnutrition, include a number of genetically determined conditions where mutations, either in the cofactor relationship or a transporter, provide the etiology. It is emphasized that such mutations are often epigenetically responsive to megadoses of thiamin or one of its derivatives. The use of thiamin in clinical practice requires a high index of suspicion on the part of the clinician since it has a part to play in eating disorders, diabetes, neurodegenerative disease, and cancer. A high rate of critical illness and postsurgery thiamin deficiency have been reported, particularly those associated with gastrointestinal bypass. Emphasis is placed on thiamin deficiency as a major cause of asymmetric dysautonomia, because of the high degree of sensitivi...Continue Reading

Citations

Mar 17, 2020·Nutrition Research Reviews·Arrigo F G CiceroUNKNOWN International Lipid Expert Panel
Aug 31, 2020·Nutrition & Metabolism·Heesoo Jeong, Nathaniel M Vacanti
Oct 11, 2019·Current Developments in Nutrition·Ian Darnton-Hill
Mar 25, 2019·Daru : Journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences·Fahad A Al-AbbasiFiroz Anwar
Feb 5, 2021·International Journal of Women's Dermatology·April SchachtelMarkus D Boos
Jan 16, 2021·Therapeutic Advances in Psychopharmacology·Michael Ott, Ursula Werneke

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