Thioredoxin Interacting Protein (TXNIP) and Pathogenesis of Diabetic Retinopathy

Journal of Clinical & Experimental Ophthalmology
Lalit P Singh

Abstract

Chronic hyperglycemia (HG)-associated reactive oxygen/nitrogen species (ROS/RNS) stress and low grade inflammation are considered to play critical roles in the development of diabetic retinopathy (DR). Excess glucose metabolic flux through the aldose reductase/polyol pathway, advanced glycation end product (AGE) formation, elevated hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP), diacyl glycerol/PKC activation, and mitochondrial ROS generation are all implicated in DR. In addition, endoplasmic reticulum stress/unfolded protein response (er-UPR) and deregulation of mitochondrial quality control by autophagy/mitophagy are observed causing cellular bioenergetic deficiency and injury. Recently, a pro-oxidant and pro-apoptotic thioredoxin interacting protein (TXNIP) was shown to be highly upregulated in DR and by HG in retinal cells in culture. TXNIP binds to thioredoxin (Trx) inhibiting its oxidant scavenging and thiolreducing capacity. Hence, prolonged overexpression of TXNIP causes ROS/RNS stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, inflammation and premature cell death in DR. Initially, DR was considered as microvascular complications of endothelial dysfunction and pericyte loss characterized by capillary basement membrane thickening, pericyte gho...Continue Reading

Citations

Dec 15, 2015·Toxicological Sciences : an Official Journal of the Society of Toxicology·Daoyin DongPeixin Yang
Feb 18, 2016·Journal of Diabetes Research·Xue Cai, James F McGinnis
Sep 10, 2015·Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy = Biomédecine & Pharmacothérapie·Ting-Ting WanYing Su
Oct 3, 2014·Antioxidants & Redox Signaling·Islam N MohamedAzza B El-Remessy
Mar 31, 2015·Experimental Eye Research·Sayon RoyDongjoon Kim
May 11, 2016·Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America·Zhuo ChenRama Natarajan
May 12, 2017·Cell Death & Disease·Takhellambam Swornalata DeviLalit Pukhrambam Singh
Apr 25, 2018·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Benjamin P LarkinSonia Saad
Jun 20, 2018·FASEB Journal : Official Publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology·Weiwei DaiMichael D Dennis
Feb 23, 2020·Diabetes·Rachel G Miller, Trevor J Orchard
Apr 10, 2019·Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity·Nidhi MahajanRajat Sandhir
Dec 12, 2020·Antioxidants·Thangal YumnamchaAhmed S Ibrahim
Dec 12, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Haruka TsubakiDouglas Gordon Walker
Feb 2, 2021·Free Radical Biology & Medicine·William P MillerMichael D Dennis
Apr 8, 2014·Physiological Research·Z Papáčková, M Cahová
Mar 17, 2021·Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science·Jessica M SkeieMark A Greiner
Apr 4, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Naila QayyumSangdun Choi
May 1, 2021·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Laura DobladoMaria Monsalve
May 13, 2021·European Journal of Pharmacology·Abdullah Al MamunJian Xiao
Jun 4, 2021·Journal of Inflammation Research·Abdullah Al MamunJian Xiao
Jul 9, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Annagrazia AdornettoRossella Russo

❮ Previous
Next ❯

Related Concepts

Related Feeds

Autophagy & Disease

Autophagy is an important cellular process for normal physiology and both elevated and decreased levels of autophagy are associated with disease. Here is the latest research.

Apoptosis

Apoptosis is a specific process that leads to programmed cell death through the activation of an evolutionary conserved intracellular pathway leading to pathognomic cellular changes distinct from cellular necrosis

Blood Brain Barrier

The blood brain barrier is a border that separates blood from cerebrospinal fluid. Discover the latest search on this highly selective semipermeable membrane here.

Autophagy & Model Organisms

Autophagy is a cellular process that allows degradation by the lysosome of cytoplasmic components such as proteins or organelles. Here is the latest research on autophagy & model organisms