Thioredoxin Reductase Activity Predicts Gold Nanoparticle Radiosensitization Effect

Nanomaterials
Sébastien PenninckxStéphane Lucas

Abstract

Gold nanoparticles (GNPs) have been shown to be effective contrast agents for imaging and emerge as powerful radiosensitizers, constituting a promising theranostic agent for cancer. Although the radiosensitization effect was initially attributed to a physical mechanism, an increasing number of studies challenge this mechanistic hypothesis and evidence the importance of oxidative stress in this process. This work evidences the central role played by thioredoxin reductase (TrxR) in the GNP-induced radiosensitization. A cell type-dependent reduction in TrxR activity was measured in five different cell lines incubated with GNPs leading to differences in cell response to X-ray irradiation. Correlation analyses demonstrated that GNP uptake and TrxR activity inhibition are associated to a GNP radiosensitization effect. Finally, Kaplan-Meier analyses suggested that high TrxR expression is correlated to low patient survival in four different types of cancer. Altogether, these results enable a better understanding of the GNP radiosensitization mechanism, which remains a mandatory step towards further use in clinic. Moreover, they highlight the potential application of this new treatment in a personalized medicine context.

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Nov 15, 2018·Nanomedicine·Sébastien PenninckxStéphane Lucas

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Citations

May 24, 2020·Nanomaterials·Georgios FytianosGeorge Z Kyzas
Oct 3, 2019·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Iulia Ioana LunguEcaterina Andronescu
Jul 21, 2020·Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews. Nanomedicine and Nanobiotechnology·Ivan Kempson
Jul 9, 2021·Nuclear Medicine and Biology·Noami DaemsAn Aerts
Aug 17, 2021·Frontiers in Public Health·Charnay CunninghamCharlot Vandevoorde

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
X-ray
membrane filtration
atomic absorption spectroscopy

Software Mentioned

Origin
SurvExpress

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