Three-dimensional structure of conotoxin tx3a: An m-1 branch peptide of the M-superfamily

Biochemistry
Owen M McDougalC Dale Poulter

Abstract

The M-superfamily, one of eight major conotoxin superfamilies found in the venom of the cone snail, contains a Cys framework with disulfide-linked loops labeled 1, 2, and 3 (-CC (1) C (2) C (3) CC-). M-Superfamily conotoxins can be divided into the m-1, -2, -3, and -4 branches, based upon the number of residues located in the third Cys loop between the fourth and fifth Cys residues. Here we provide a three-dimensional solution structure for the m-1 conotoxin tx3a found in the venom of Conus textile. The 15-amino acid peptide, CCSWDVCDHPSCTCC, has disulfide bonds between Cys (1) and Cys (14), Cys (2) and Cys (12), and Cys (7) and Cys (15) typical of the C1-C5, C2-C4, and C3-C6 connectivity pattern seen in m-1 branch peptides. The tertiary structure of tx3a was determined by two-dimensional (1)H NMR in combination with the combined assignment and dynamics algorithm for nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) applications CYANA program. Input for structure calculations consisted of 62 inter- and intraproton, five phi angle, and four hydrogen bond constraints. The root-mean-square deviation values for the 20 final structures are 0.32 +/- 0.07 and 0.84 +/- 0.11 A for the backbone and heavy atoms, respectively. Surprisingly, the structure o...Continue Reading

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Citations

Aug 26, 2009·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Reed B Jacob, Owen M McDougal
Feb 8, 2014·PloS One·Samuel D RobinsonAnthony T Papenfuss
Dec 19, 2014·Marine Drugs·Samuel D Robinson, Raymond S Norton
Apr 21, 2009·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Feijuan Huang, Weihong Du
Jun 24, 2015·Toxicon : Official Journal of the International Society on Toxinology·Jayaseelan Benjamin Franklin, Rajaian Pushpabai Rajesh
May 25, 2015·Asian Pacific Journal of Tropical Medicine·Palanisamy Satheesh KumarSundaresan Umamaheswari
May 23, 2017·Marine Drugs·Samuel D RobinsonHelena Safavi-Hemami
Dec 5, 2019·Marine Drugs·Leanna A MarquartOwen M McDougal

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