Three nearly forgotten anatomical triangles of the neck: triangles of Beclard, Lesser and Pirogoff and their potential applications in surgical dissection of the neck.

Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA
R Shane TubbsAaron Cohen-Gadol

Abstract

The neck is an area that lends itself to anatomical geometry, such as triangles. Many triangles of the neck have been described, and some are well known; however, some have been nearly forgotten. The purposes of this study were to review prior literature on the forgotten triangles of the neck, to measure and document the occurrence of these triangles and the structures found within them, and to discuss their surgical significance and relationships to the standard triangles of the neck. This study was carried out on 17 (34 sides) formaldehyde-fixed adult human cadavers (5 males and 12 females), the mean age being 78 years. All triangles were found within the submandibular triangle of the anterior cervical triangle. Beclard's triangle was present on 28 sides and absent on 6 sides because the posterior belly of the digastric muscle did not touch the hyoid bone and because the posterior belly of the digastric muscle was directly over the greater cornu of the hyoid bone. Lesser's triangle was present on 30 sides and absent on 4 sides because the hypoglossal nerve remained inferior to the digastric muscle. Pirogoff's triangle was also present on 30 sides and absent on 4 sides, again because the hypoglossal nerve remained inferior to ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 19, 2016·The British Journal of Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery·Daren GibsonPeter A Brennan
Nov 21, 2015·Clinical Otolaryngology : Official Journal of ENT-UK ; Official Journal of Netherlands Society for Oto-Rhino-Laryngology & Cervico-Facial Surgery·R GhediaP Clarke
Aug 27, 2016·Annals of Maxillofacial Surgery·Manpreet SinghGagandeep Kaur
Jan 13, 2017·Surgical and Radiologic Anatomy : SRA·Naohiro MorikageSatoshi Takada
Jul 25, 2019·Anatomy & Cell Biology·Shogo KikutaR Shane Tubbs

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