Thymol inhibits oral squamous cell carcinoma growth via mitochondria-mediated apoptosis

Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine : Official Publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology
Jorge J De La ChapaCara B Gonzales

Abstract

Thymol is a transient receptor potential ankyrin subtype 1 channel, (TRPA1) agonist found in thyme and oregano. Thymol has antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and antimicrobial properties; thus, thymol is added to many commercially available products including Listerine mouthwash. Thymol is also cytotoxic to HL-60 (acute promyelocytic leukemia) cells in vitro. Therefore, we evaluated the effects of thymol against oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) and its anticancer mechanism-of-action. The antiproliferative effects of thymol in OSCC Cal27 cells were determined by MTS assays. Antitumor effects were evaluated in Cal27- and HeLa-derived mouse xenografts. Calcium imaging, mitochondrial transmembrane potential (ΔΨm) studies, and Western blot analysis of cleaved PARP (c-PARP) evaluated thymol's mechanism-of-action. Thymol had significant, long-lasting antiproliferative effects in vitro. In vivo, thymol displayed significant antitumor effects in Cal27-derived tumors. Thymol's anticancer effects were confirmed in HeLa-derived xenografts demonstrating that thymol effects are not tumor-type specific. Calcium imaging verified calcium influx in Cal27 cells that were reversed with the TRPA1 antagonist, HC030031. However, no calcium influx was...Continue Reading

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Citations

Mar 3, 2019·Journal of Oral Pathology & Medicine : Official Publication of the International Association of Oral Pathologists and the American Academy of Oral Pathology·Jorge J De La ChapaCara B Gonzales
Jun 27, 2020·Frontiers in Oncology·Jianjun ZhouGuodong Wang
Mar 3, 2020·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Amit S ChoudhariOm Prakash
Apr 25, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Sabrina AdorisioMaria Carla Marcotullio
Mar 19, 2020·International Journal of Molecular Sciences·Paulina StokłosaChristine Peinelt
Oct 1, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Alexander ChotaHeidi Abrahamse
Nov 26, 2020·Molecules : a Journal of Synthetic Chemistry and Natural Product Chemistry·Maria Elaine ArarunaLeônia Batista
Jul 27, 2021·Frontiers in Pharmacology·Laeza Alves SampaioAdriana Gibara Guimarães
Jul 26, 2021·Molecular Biology Reports·Bruno I M SilvaJaciana S Aguiar
Dec 21, 2021·Expert Opinion on Investigational Drugs·Lorenzo Messa, Arianna Loregian
Oct 14, 2020·Current Drug Targets·Shailaja Dombe, Pramodkumar Shirote

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