Thyroid hormone regulation of stem cell development during intestinal remodeling

Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology
Atsuko Ishizuya-Oka, Yun-Bo Shi

Abstract

During amphibian metamorphosis the small intestine is remodeled from larval to adult form, analogous to the mammalian intestine. The larval epithelium mostly undergoes apoptosis, while a small number of stem cells appear, actively proliferate, and differentiate into the adult epithelium possessing a cell-renewal system. Because amphibian intestinal remodeling is completely controlled by thyroid hormone (T3) through T3 receptors (TRs), it serves as an excellent model for studying the molecular mechanism of the mammalian intestinal development. TRs bind T3 response elements in target genes and have dual functions by interacting with coactivators or corepressors in a T3-dependent manner. A number of T3 response genes have been isolated from the Xenopus laevis intestine. They include signaling molecules, matrix metalloproteinases, and transcription factors. Functional studies have been carried out on many such genes in vitro and in vivo by using transgenic and culture technologies. Here we will review recent findings from such studies with a special emphasis on the adult intestinal stem cells, and discuss the evolutionarily conserved roles of T3 in the epithelial cell-renewal in the vertebrate intestine.

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Citations

Mar 20, 2010·Apoptosis : an International Journal on Programmed Cell Death·Atsuko Ishizuya-OkaYun-Bo Shi
Jul 24, 2013·Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology·Dana Gancz, Lilach Gilboa
Mar 8, 2014·Cellular and Molecular Life Sciences : CMLS·Maria SirakovMichelina Plateroti
May 10, 2008·Molecular and Cellular Endocrinology·Neil A Hanley
Jan 5, 2011·Biochimica Et Biophysica Acta·Maria Sirakov, Michelina Plateroti
Aug 25, 2016·Reviews in Endocrine & Metabolic Disorders·Guihong SunYun-Bo Shi
Aug 29, 2016·Seminars in Cell & Developmental Biology·Liezhen Fu, Yun-Bo Shi

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