Thyroid Stimulating Hormone Receptor Antibodies in Thyroid Eye Disease-Methodology and Clinical Applications

Ophthalmic Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
Tanja Diana, George J Kahaly

Abstract

Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibodies (TSHR-Ab) cause autoimmune hyperthyroidism and are prevalent in patients with related thyroid eye disease (TED). To provide a historical perspective on TSHR-Ab and to present evidence-based recommendations for clinical contemporary use. The authors review the recent literature pertaining to TSHR-Ab in patients with TED and describe the various immunoassays currently used for detecting TSHR-Ab and their clinical applications. We provide a historical summary and description of the various methods used to detect TSHR-Ab, foremost, the functional TSHR-Ab. Increasing experimental and clinical data demonstrate the clinical usefulness of cell-based bioassays for measurements of functional TSHR-Ab in the diagnosis and management of patients with autoimmune TED and in the characterization of patients with autoimmune-induced hyperthyroidism and hypothyroidism. Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor antibodies, especially the functional stimulating antibodies, are sensitive, specific, and reproducible biomarkers for patients with autoimmune TED and correlate well with clinical disease activity and clinical severity. Unlike competitive-binding assays, bioassays have the advantage of indicating ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Sep 21, 2019·Journal of Endocrinological Investigation·Y P HaiG J Kahaly
Dec 23, 2019·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·George J KahalyPaul D Olivo
Sep 13, 2019·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·George J KahalyYanling He
Feb 13, 2019·The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology and Metabolism·George J KahalyTanja Diana
Jul 21, 2020·Seminars in Ophthalmology·Victor D Liou, Michael K Yoon
Aug 5, 2020·Journal of Endocrinological Investigation·T DianaG J Kahaly
Feb 20, 2021·Frontiers in Endocrinology·Augustine GeorgeGeorge J Kahaly
Jan 7, 2021·Therapeutic Advances in Endocrinology and Metabolism·Jan LängerichtGeorge J Kahaly
Jul 30, 2019·Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes, and Obesity·George J Kahaly
Nov 18, 2021·Graefe's Archive for Clinical and Experimental Ophthalmology = Albrecht Von Graefes Archiv Für Klinische Und Experimentelle Ophthalmologie·Jiamin CaoWei Xiong

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