Thyroid ultrasound features and risk of carcinoma: a systematic review and meta-analysis of observational studies

Thyroid : Official Journal of the American Thyroid Association
Luciana Reck RemontiJorge Luiz Gross

Abstract

Thyroid nodules are a common finding in the general population, and their detection is increasing with the widespread use of ultrasound (US). Thyroid cancer is found in 5-15% of cases depending on sex, age, and exposure to other risk factors. Some US parameters have been associated with increased risk of malignancy. However, no characteristic seems sufficiently reliable in isolation to diagnose malignancy. The objective of this meta-analysis was to evaluate the diagnostic performance of US features for thyroid malignancy in patients with unselected thyroid nodules and nodules with indeterminate fine-needle aspiration (FNA) cytology. Electronic databases were reviewed for studies published prior to July 2012 that evaluated US features of thyroid nodules and reported postoperative histopathologic diagnosis. A manual search of references of review and key articles, and previous meta-analyses was also performed. A separate meta-analysis was performed including only nodules with indeterminate cytology. Analyzed features were solid structure, hypoechogenicity, irregular margins, absence of halo, microcalcifications, central vascularization, solitary nodule, heterogeneity, taller than wide shape, and absence of elasticity. Fifty-two o...Continue Reading

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