Tick Salivary Cholinesterase: A Probable Immunomodulator of Host-parasite Interactions

Journal of Medical Entomology
Kevin B Temeyer, Alexander P Tuckow

Abstract

The southern cattle tick, Rhipicephalus (Boophilus) microplus (Canestrini), is the most economically important cattle ectoparasite in the world. Rhipicephalus microplus and Rhipicephalus annulatus (Say) continue to threaten U.S. cattle producers despite eradication and an importation barrier based on inspection, dipping of imported cattle in organophosphate (OP) acaricide, and quarantine of infested premises. OP acaricides inhibit acetylcholinesterase (AChE), essential to tick central nervous system function. Unlike vertebrates, ticks possess at least three genes encoding AChEs, differing in amino acid sequence and biochemical properties. Genomic analyses of R. microplus and the related tick, Ixodes scapularis, suggest that ticks contain many genes encoding different AChEs. This work is the first report of a salivary cholinesterase (ChE) activity in R. microplus, and discusses complexity of the cholinergic system in ticks and significance of tick salivary ChE at the tick-host interface. It further provides three hypotheses that the salivary ChE plausibly functions 1) to reduce presence of potentially toxic acetylcholine present in the large bloodmeal imbibed during rapid engorgement, 2) to modulate the immune response (innate a...Continue Reading

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Citations

Apr 7, 2017·Journal of Neurochemistry·Arnaud ChatonnetMurray E Selkirk
Mar 21, 2017·Journal of Parasitic Diseases : Official Organ of the Indian Society for Parasitology·Mayukh GhoshRuchi Singh Gaur
May 28, 2020·Journal of Medical Entomology·Kevin B TemeyerAdalberto A Pérez de León

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