PMID: 8587151Oct 1, 1995Paper

Tilmicosin antibacterial activity and pharmacokinetics in cows

Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics
G ZivA Saran

Abstract

The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of tilmicosin for 90% of 112 Staphylococcus aureus isolates from the bovine udder was 0.78 microgram/mL and 149 of 164 (90.8%) other gram-positive udder pathogens were inhibited by tilmicosin concentrations < 3.12 micrograms/mL. The MIC of the drug for 19 of 22 S. aureus isolates was < 0.78 microgram/mL when the test was conducted using Mueller-Hinton (MH) agar or MH agar containing 7.5% skimmed milk. Acute cardiac toxicity followed intravenous (i.v.) injection of the drug at 10 mg/kg to 3 cows, but animals appeared clinically normal within 30 min after treatment. The pharmacokinetics of i.v.-administered tilmicosin is typical for the macrolide class of antibiotics, i.e. low serum drug concentrations and a large volume of distribution (> 2.0 L/kg). The elimination half-life (t1/2 beta) values for 3 cows were 46.4, 56.0 and 72.8 min. The drug was administered subcutaneously (s.c.) to 5 cows at 10 mg/kg; the elimination half-life (t1/2el) was 4.18 +/- 0.55 h and the mean s.c. bioavailability was 22%. Rapid and extensive penetration of tilmicosin from blood into milk, and slow elimination from the milk were among the characteristic kinetic features of the drug after i.v. and s.c. administ...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jan 17, 2007·Veterinary Research Communications·E A Abu-BashaA F Al-Shunnaq
May 23, 1998·Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics·M C LinharesJ E Risk
Jan 14, 1999·Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics·S ModricH Derendorf
May 20, 1999·Research in Veterinary Science·A Anadón, L Reeve-johnson
Jan 6, 2011·Drug Development and Industrial Pharmacy·Meirong SongBaoan Cui
Aug 13, 2004·Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics·H A BenchaouiS J Sunderland
Feb 18, 2011·Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics·K R LombardiR P Hunter
Nov 28, 2014·Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology·Mohamed M Abdel-DaimMostafa Fayez
Jun 11, 2017·Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics·M Mohammadsadegh
Dec 6, 2006·Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association·Melissa F VeenhuizenJane G Owens
Sep 15, 2020·Journal of Dairy Science·A P WoodwardT Whittem
Feb 26, 2019·Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics·Jincheng XiongYinsheng Qiu

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