Time-resolved analysis of Staphylococcus aureus invading the endothelial barrier.

Virulence
Elisa J M RaineriJan Maarten van Dijl

Abstract

Staphylococcus aureus is a leading cause of infections world-wide. Once this pathogen has reached the bloodstream, it can invade different parts of the human body by crossing the endothelial barrier. Infected endothelial cells may be lysed by bacterial products, but the bacteria may also persist intracellularly, where they are difficult to eradicate with antibiotics and cause relapses of infection. Our present study was aimed at investigating the fate of methicillin resistant S. aureus (MRSA) isolates of the USA300 lineage with different epidemiological origin inside endothelial cells. To this end, we established two in vitro infection models based on primary human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC), which mimic conditions of the endothelium when infection occurs. For comparison, the laboratory strain S. aureus HG001 was used. As shown by flow cytometry and fluorescence- or electron microscopy, differentiation of HUVEC into a cell barrier with cell-cell junctions sets limits to the rates of bacterial internalization, the numbers of internalized bacteria, the percentage of infected cells, and long-term intracellular bacterial survival. Clear strain-specific differences were observed with the HG001 strain infecting the high...Continue Reading

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Citations

Jul 15, 2021·FEMS Microbiology Reviews·Elisa J M RaineriJan Maarten van Dijl

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Methods Mentioned

BETA
flow
electron microscopy
fluorescence microscopy
flow cytometry
confocal microscopy

Software Mentioned

GraphPad Prism
Kaluza Analysis
GraphPad

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