Tinea imbricata or Tokelau

International Journal of Dermatology
Alexandro BonifazAmado Saúl

Abstract

Tinea imbricata (TI) or Tokelau is a superficial mycosis caused by Trichophyton concentricum, an anthropophilic dermatophyte. It is endemic in some islands of the South Pacific (Polynesia), South-East Asia, Central and South America, and Mexico, and is most often seen in individuals living in primitive and isolated conditions. The skin lesions are characteristically concentric and lamellar (imbricata: in Latin, tiled) plaques of scale. Predisposing conditions include humidity, inheritance, and immunologic factors. The diagnosis is usually made on clinical grounds, supported by skin scrapings and culture. Tokelau is a chronic and highly relapsing disease and, although no first-line treatment exists, best results are obtained with oral griseofulvin and terbinafine and a topical combination of keratolytic ointments, such as Whitfield's. TI is a disease model that allows the correlation of a series of environmental, genetic, immunologic, and therapeutic conditions.

References

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Citations

Feb 26, 2008·Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Marc PihetDominique Chabasse
Jan 29, 2008·Journal of the European Academy of Dermatology and Venereology : JEADV·V Zawar, A Chuh
Jun 6, 2014·International Journal of Dermatology·Maria Dalamaga, Antonis A Kousoulis
Sep 23, 2014·Pediatric Dermatology·Lidia Maroñas JiménezConcepción Postigo Llorente
Apr 5, 2016·Pediatric Dermatology·Maria Teresa García-RomeroRoberto Arenas
Oct 31, 2016·Trends in Parasitology·Daniel EngelmanAndrew C Steer
May 8, 2015·The American Journal of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene·Daniel Mason, Michael Marks
Jan 24, 2007·Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery·Tasneem PoonawallaMadeleine Duvic
Apr 12, 2018·International Journal of Dermatology·Mary E LairdRandie H Kim
Mar 17, 2015·Journal of Cutaneous Medicine and Surgery·Sidharth SonthaliaShukla Das
Feb 9, 2019·Current Pediatric Reviews·Alexander K C LeungJoseph M Lam
Dec 21, 2010·Current Opinion in Infectious Diseases·Alexandro Bonifaz, Denisse Vázquez-González
May 15, 2008·Mycopathologia·Hugo Degreef
Sep 1, 2015·Mycopathologia·Stefano VeraldiGianluca Nazzaro
May 11, 2021·Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology·Seetharampura Ramamurthy RadhikaT N Revathi

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